\id EXO - Christian Standard Bible® in English
\ide UTF-8
\rem Copyright © 2017-2020 by Holman Bible Publishers
\rem Language: English
\rem Text update February 2024
\toc3 Ex
\toc2 Exodus
\toc1 Exodus
\mt Exodus
\c 1
\s1 Israel Oppressed in Egypt
\m
\v 1 These are the names of the sons of Israel who came to Egypt with Jacob; each came with his family:~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 1:1 \ft \+xt Gn 46:8\+xt*\f*
\li
\v 2 Reuben, Simeon, Levi, and~Judah;
\li
\v 3 Issachar, Zebulun, and~Benjamin;
\li
\v 4 Dan and Naphtali; Gad and~Asher.
\m
\v 5 The total number of Jacob’s descendants~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 1:5 \ft Lit \fqa of people issuing from Jacob’s loins\f* was seventy;~\f + \cat (I)\cat* \fr 1:5 \ft LXX, DSS read \fqa 75\ft ; \+xt Gn 46:27; Ac 7:14\+xt*\f*\sup ,\sup*\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 1:5 \ft \+xt Gn 46:26–27; Dt 10:22\+xt*\f* Joseph was already in Egypt.
\p
\v 6 Joseph and all his brothers and all that generation eventually died.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 1:6 \ft \+xt Gn 50:26\+xt*\f*
\v 7 But the Israelites were fruitful, increased rapidly, multiplied, and became extremely numerous~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 1:7 \ft \+xt Gn 12:2; 46:3; Dt 26:5; Ac 7:17\+xt*\f* so that the land was filled with them.
\p
\v 8 A new king, who did not know about Joseph, came to power in Egypt.
\v 9 He said to his people, “Look, the Israelite people are more numerous and powerful than we are.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 1:9 \ft \+xt Ps 105:24\+xt*\f*
\v 10 Come, let’s deal shrewdly with them; otherwise they will multiply further, and when war breaks out, they will join our enemies, fight against us, and leave the country.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 1:10 \ft \+xt Ps 83:3–4; Ac 7:19\+xt*\f*
\v 11 So the Egyptians assigned taskmasters over the Israelites to oppress them with forced labor.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 1:11 \ft \+xt Gn 15:13; Ex 2:11; 3:7; 5:4–5; 6:6; Dt 26:6\+xt*\f* They built Pithom and Rameses as supply cities~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 1:11 \ft \+xt Gn 47:11; 1Kg 9:19; 2Ch 8:4\+xt*\f* for Pharaoh.
\v 12 But the more they oppressed them, the more they multiplied and spread so that the Egyptians came to dread~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 1:12 \ft Or \fqa Egyptians loathed\f* the Israelites.
\v 13 They worked the Israelites ruthlessly~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 1:13 \ft \+xt Dt 4:20\+xt*\f*
\v 14 and made their lives bitter with difficult labor in brick and mortar and in all kinds of fieldwork. They ruthlessly imposed all this work on them.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 1:14 \ft \+xt Ex 2:23; Nm 20:15; Ac 7:19\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 15 The king of Egypt said to the Hebrew midwives~#—~#the first, whose name was Shiphrah, and the second, whose name was Puah~#—~#
\v 16 “When you help the Hebrew women give birth, observe them as they deliver. If the child is a son, kill him, but if it’s a daughter, she may live.”
\v 17 The midwives, however, feared God~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 1:17 \ft \+xt Ex 1:21; Pr 16:6\+xt*\f* and did not do as the king of Egypt had told them;~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 1:17 \ft \+xt Dn 3:16–18; Ac 4:18–20; 5:29\+xt*\f* they let the boys live.
\v 18 So the king of Egypt summoned the midwives and asked them, “Why have you done this and let the boys live?~”
\p
\v 19 The midwives said to Pharaoh, “The Hebrew women are not like the Egyptian women, for they are vigorous and give birth before the midwife can get to them.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 1:19 \ft \+xt Jos 2:4; 2Sm 17:20\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 20 So God was good to the midwives,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 1:20 \ft \+xt Pr 11:18; Is 3:10\+xt*\f* and the people multiplied and became very numerous.
\v 21 Since the midwives feared God, he gave them families.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 1:21 \ft \+xt 1Sm 2:35; 2Sm 7:11,27; 1Kg 11:38; Ps 127:1\+xt*\f*
\v 22 Pharaoh then commanded all his people, “You must throw every son born to the Hebrews into the Nile, but let every daughter live.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 1:22 \ft \+xt Gn 41:1; Ac 7:19\+xt*\f*
\c 2
\s1 Moses’s Birth and Adoption
\m
\v 1 Now a man from the family of Levi married a Levite woman.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 2:1 \ft \+xt Ex 6:20; Nm 26:59; 1Ch 23:14\+xt*\f*
\v 2 The woman became pregnant and gave birth to a son; when she saw that he was beautiful,~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 2:2 \ft Or \fqa healthy\f* she hid him for three months.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 2:2 \ft \+xt Ac 7:20; Heb 11:23\+xt*\f*
\v 3 But when she could no longer hide him, she got a papyrus basket for him and coated it with asphalt and pitch. She placed the child in it and set it among the reeds by the bank of the Nile.
\v 4 Then his sister~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 2:4 \ft \+xt Ex 15:20; Nm 26:59\+xt*\f* stood at a distance in order to see what would happen to him.
\p
\v 5 Pharaoh’s daughter went down to bathe at the Nile while her servant girls walked along the riverbank. She saw the basket among the reeds, sent her slave girl, took it,
\v 6 opened it, and saw him, the child~#—~#and there he was, a little boy, crying. She felt sorry for him and said, “This is one of the Hebrew boys.”
\p
\v 7 Then his sister said to Pharaoh’s daughter, “Should I go and call a Hebrew woman who is nursing to nurse the boy for you?~”
\p
\v 8 “Go,” Pharaoh’s daughter told her. So the girl went and called the boy’s mother.
\v 9 Then Pharaoh’s daughter said to her, “Take this child and nurse him for me, and I will pay your wages.” So the woman took the boy and nursed him.
\v 10 When the child grew older, she brought him to Pharaoh’s daughter, and he became her son. She named him Moses,~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 2:10 \ft The name \fqa Moses \ft sounds like “drawing out” in Hb and “born” in Egyptian.\f* “Because,” she said, “I drew him out of the water.”
\s1 Moses in Midian
\m
\v 11 Years later,~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 2:11 \ft Lit \fqa And it was in those days\f* after Moses had grown up, he went out to his own people~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 2:11 \ft Lit \fqa his brothers\f* and observed their forced labor.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 2:11 \ft \+xt Ex 1:11; Ac 7:23; Heb 11:24–26\+xt*\f* He saw an Egyptian striking a Hebrew, one of his people.
\v 12 Looking all around and seeing no one, he struck the Egyptian dead and hid him in the sand.
\v 13 The next day he went out and saw two Hebrews fighting. He asked the one in the wrong, “Why are you attacking your neighbor?~”~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 2:13 \ft Or \fqa fellow Hebrew\f*
\p
\v 14 “Who made you a commander and judge over us?~” the man replied. “Are you planning to kill me as you killed the Egyptian?~”
\p Then Moses became afraid and thought, “What I did is certainly known.”
\p
\v 15 When Pharaoh heard about this, he tried to kill Moses. But Moses fled from Pharaoh and went to live in the land of Midian,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 2:15 \ft \+xt Ac 7:29; Heb 11:27\+xt*\f* and sat down by a well.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 2:15 \ft \+xt Gn 24:11; 29:2\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 16 Now the priest of Midian~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 2:16 \ft \+xt Ex 3:1; 1Sm 9:11\+xt*\f* had seven daughters. They came to draw water and filled the troughs to water their father’s flock.
\v 17 Then some shepherds arrived and drove them away, but Moses came to their rescue and watered their flock.
\v 18 When they returned to their father Reuel,~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 2:18 \ft Jethro’s clan or last name was Reuel; Ex 3:1.\f*\sup ,\sup*\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 2:18 \ft \+xt Ex 3:1; 4:18; Nm 10:29\+xt*\f* he asked, “Why have you come back so quickly today?~”
\p
\v 19 They answered, “An Egyptian rescued us from the shepherds. He even drew water for us and watered the flock.”
\p
\v 20 “So where is he?~” he asked his daughters. “Why then did you leave the man behind? Invite him to eat dinner.”
\p
\v 21 Moses agreed to stay with the man, and he gave his daughter Zipporah~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 2:21 \ft \+xt Ex 4:25; 18:2\+xt*\f* to Moses in marriage.
\v 22 She gave birth to a son whom he named Gershom,~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 2:22 \ft In Hb the name \fqa Gershom \ft sounds like the phrase “a stranger there.”\f* for he said, “I have been a resident alien~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 2:22 \ft \+xt Ex 18:3–4; Ac 7:29; Heb 11:13\+xt*\f* in a foreign land.”
\p
\v 23 After a long time, the king of Egypt died. The Israelites groaned because of their difficult labor, they cried out,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 2:23 \ft \+xt Ex 3:7,9; Dt 26:7; Jms 5:4\+xt*\f* and their cry for help because of the difficult labor ascended to God.
\v 24 God heard their groaning, and God remembered~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 2:24 \ft \+xt Gn 9:15; Ex 6:5; 1Ch 16:15; Ps 105:8; 106:45; 111:4\+xt*\f* his covenant with Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 2:24 \ft \+xt Ps 22:23; Lk 1:33,55\+xt*\f*
\v 25 God saw the Israelites, and God knew.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 2:25 \ft \+xt Ex 3:7; 4:31; Lk 1:25\+xt*\f*
\c 3
\s1 Moses and the Burning Bush
\m
\v 1 Meanwhile, Moses was shepherding the flock of his father-in-law Jethro,~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 3:1 \ft Moses’s father-in-law’s first name was \fqa Jethro\ft ; Ex 2:18.\f* the priest of Midian. He led the flock to the far side of the wilderness and came to Horeb,~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 3:1 \ft = Desolation; another name for Mount Sinai; Dt 4:10,15; 18:16; Mal 4:4\f* the mountain of God.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 3:1 \ft \+xt Ex 2:18; 18:5; 1Kg 19:8\+xt*\f*
\v 2 Then the angel of the \nd Lord\nd* appeared to him in a flame of fire within a bush.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 3:2 \ft \+xt Dt 33:16; Ac 7:30\+xt*\f* As Moses looked, he saw that the bush was on fire but was not consumed.
\v 3 So Moses thought, “I must go over and look at this remarkable sight. Why isn’t the bush burning up?~”
\p
\v 4 When the \nd Lord\nd* saw that he had gone over to look, God called out to him from the bush, “Moses, Moses!~”
\p “Here I am,” he answered.
\p
\v 5 “Do not come closer,” he said. “Remove the sandals from your feet, for the place where you are standing is holy ground.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 3:5 \ft \+xt Jos 5:15; Ac 7:33\+xt*\f*
\v 6 Then he continued, “I am the God of your father,~\f + \cat (I)\cat* \fr 3:6 \ft Sam, some LXX mss read \fqa fathers\ft ; Ac 7:32\f* the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 3:6 \ft \+xt Gn 28:13; Mt 22:32; Mk 12:26; Lk 20:37; Ac 7:32\+xt*\f* Moses hid his face because he was afraid to look at God.
\p
\v 7 Then the \nd Lord\nd* said, “I have observed the misery of my people in Egypt, and have heard them crying out~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 3:7 \ft \+xt Ex 2:23–25; Neh 9:9; Ps 106:44\+xt*\f* because of their oppressors. I know about their sufferings,
\v 8 and I have come down to rescue them from the power of the Egyptians and to bring them from that land to a good and spacious land, a land flowing with milk and honey~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 3:8 \ft \+xt Gn 50:24; Ex 6:6\+xt*\f*~#—~#the territory of the Canaanites, Hethites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 3:8 \ft \+xt Gn 15:18–21; Ex 3:17; 13:5; Dt 1:25; Jr 11:5; Ezk 20:6\+xt*\f*
\v 9 So because the Israelites’ cry for help has come to me, and I have also seen the way the Egyptians are oppressing~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 3:9 \ft \+xt Ex 1:14; 2:23\+xt*\f* them,
\v 10 therefore, go. I am sending you to Pharaoh so that you may lead my people, the Israelites, out of Egypt.”
\p
\v 11 But Moses asked God, “Who am I~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 3:11 \ft \+xt Ex 6:12; 1Sm 18:18\+xt*\f* that I should go to Pharaoh and that I should bring the Israelites out of Egypt?~”
\p
\v 12 He answered, “I will certainly be with you,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 3:12 \ft \+xt Gn 31:3; Jos 1:5; Rm 8:31\+xt*\f* and this will be the sign to you that I am the one who sent you: when you bring the people out of Egypt, you will all worship~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 3:12 \ft Or \fqa serve\f* God at this mountain.”
\p
\v 13 Then Moses asked God, “If I go to the Israelites and say to them, ‘The God of your ancestors has sent me to you,’ and they ask me, ‘What is his name?~’ what should I tell them?~”
\p
\v 14 God replied to Moses, “I AM WHO I AM.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 3:14 \ft Or\fqa I AM BECAUSE I AM\ft , or \fqa I WILL BE WHO I WILL BE\f*\sup ,\sup*\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 3:14 \ft \+xt Ex 6:3; Ps 68:4; Jn 8:58; Heb 13:8; Rv 1:4; 4:8\+xt*\f* This is what you are to say to the Israelites: I AM has sent me to you.”
\v 15 God also said to Moses, “Say this to the Israelites: The \nd Lord\nd*, the God of your ancestors, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, has sent me to you. This is my name forever;~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 3:15 \ft \+xt Ps 102:12; 135:13; Hs 12:5\+xt*\f* this is how I am to be remembered in every generation.
\p
\v 16 “Go and assemble the elders of Israel and say to them: The \nd Lord\nd*, the God of your ancestors, the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, has appeared to me and said: I have paid close attention to you and to what has been done to you in Egypt.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 3:16 \ft \+xt Ex 4:29; Lk 1:68\+xt*\f*
\v 17 And I have promised you that I will bring you up from the misery of Egypt~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 3:17 \ft \+xt Gn 15:16; Jos 24:11\+xt*\f* to the land of the Canaanites, Hethites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites~#—~#a land flowing with milk and honey.
\v 18 They will listen to what you say. Then you, along with the elders of Israel, must go to the king of Egypt and say to him: The \nd Lord\nd*, the God of the Hebrews, has met with us. Now please let us go on a three-day trip into the wilderness so that we may sacrifice to the \nd Lord\nd* our God.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 3:18 \ft \+xt Ex 4:31; 5:1; Nm 23:3–4,15–16\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 19 “However, I know that the king of Egypt will not allow you to go, even under force from a strong hand.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 3:19 \ft \+xt Ex 5:2; 6:1\+xt*\f*
\v 20 But when I stretch out my hand and strike Egypt with all my miracles that I will perform in it, after that, he will let you go.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 3:20 \ft \+xt Ex 6:6; 9:15; 12:31; Dt 6:22; Neh 9:10\+xt*\f*
\v 21 And I will give these people such favor with the Egyptians that when you go, you will not go empty-handed.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 3:21 \ft \+xt Ex 11:3; 12:36\+xt*\f*
\v 22 Each woman will ask her neighbor and any woman staying in her house for silver and gold jewelry, and clothing, and you will put them on your sons and daughters. So you will plunder the Egyptians.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 3:22 \ft \+xt Gn 15:14; Ex 11:2; Ezk 39:10\+xt*\f*
\c 4
\s1 Miraculous Signs for Moses
\m
\v 1 Moses answered, “What if they won’t believe me and will not obey me but say, ‘The \nd Lord\nd* did not appear~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 4:1 \ft \+xt Ex 3:18; 6:30\+xt*\f* to you’?~”
\p
\v 2 The \nd Lord\nd* asked him, “What is that in your hand?~”
\p “A staff,” he replied.
\p
\v 3 “Throw it on the ground,” he said. So Moses threw it on the ground, it became a snake, and he ran from it.
\v 4 The \nd Lord\nd* told Moses, “Stretch out your hand and grab it by the tail.” So he stretched out his hand and caught it, and it became a staff in his hand.
\v 5 “This will take place,” he continued, “so that they will believe that the \nd Lord\nd*, the God of their ancestors, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, has appeared to you.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 4:1–5 \ft \+xt Ex 3:6,15; 4:17,20; 19:9\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 6 In addition the \nd Lord\nd* said to him, “Put your hand inside your cloak.” So he put his hand inside his cloak, and when he took it out, his hand was diseased, resembling snow.~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 4:6 \ft A reference to whiteness or flakiness of the skin\f*\sup ,\sup*\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 4:6 \ft \+xt Lv 13:3–4; Nm 12:10; 2Kg 5:27\+xt*\f*
\v 7 “Put your hand back inside your cloak,” he said. So he put his hand back inside his cloak, and when he took it out, it had again become like the rest of his skin.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 4:7 \ft \+xt Nm 12:13–14; Dt 32:39; 2Kg 5:14\+xt*\f*
\v 8 “If they will not believe you and will not respond to the evidence of the first sign, they may believe the evidence of the second sign.
\v 9 And if they don’t believe even these two signs or listen to what you say, take some water from the Nile and pour it on the dry ground. The water you take from the Nile will become blood on the ground.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 4:9 \ft \+xt Ex 7:19\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 10 But Moses replied to the \nd Lord\nd*, “Please, Lord, I have never been eloquent~#—~#either in the past or recently or since you have been speaking to your servant~#—~#because my mouth and my tongue are sluggish.”~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 4:10 \ft Lit \fqa heavy of mouth and heavy of tongue\f*\sup ,\sup*\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 4:10 \ft \+xt Ex 6:12; Jr 1:6\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 11 The \nd Lord\nd* said to him, “Who placed a mouth on humans? Who makes a person mute or deaf, seeing or blind? Is it not I, the \nd Lord\nd*?~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 4:11 \ft \+xt Ps 94:9\+xt*\f*
\v 12 Now go! I will help you speak~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 4:12 \ft Lit \fqa will be with your mouth\f* and I will teach you what to say.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 4:12 \ft \+xt Is 50:4; Jr 1:9; Mt 10:19–20; Mk 13:11; Lk 12:11–12; 21:14–15\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 13 Moses said, “Please, Lord, send someone else.”~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 4:13 \ft Lit \fqa send by the hand of whom you will send\f*
\p
\v 14 Then the \nd Lord\nd*’s anger burned against Moses, and he said, “Isn’t Aaron the Levite your brother? I know that he can speak well. And also, he is on his way now to meet you. He will rejoice when he sees you.
\v 15 You will speak with him and tell him what to say.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 4:15 \ft \+xt Ex 7:1–2; Nm 23:5,12,16\+xt*\f* I will help both you and him to speak~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 4:15 \ft Lit \fqa will be with your mouth and with his mouth\f* and will teach you both what to do.
\v 16 He will speak to the people for you. He will serve as a mouth for you, and you will serve as God to him.
\v 17 And take this staff in your hand that you will perform the signs with.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 4:17 \ft \+xt Ex 4:2; 7:15\+xt*\f*
\s1 Moses’s Return to Egypt
\m
\v 18 Then Moses went back to his father-in-law, Jethro, and said to him, “Please let me return to my relatives in Egypt and see if they are still living.”
\p Jethro said to Moses, “Go in peace.”
\p
\v 19 Now in Midian the \nd Lord\nd* told Moses, “Return to Egypt, for all the men who wanted to kill you are dead.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 4:19 \ft \+xt Ex 2:15,23; Mt 2:20\+xt*\f*
\v 20 So Moses took his wife and sons, put them on a donkey, and returned to the land of Egypt. And Moses took God’s staff~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 4:20 \ft \+xt Ex 17:9; Nm 20:8–9\+xt*\f* in his hand.
\p
\v 21 The \nd Lord\nd* instructed Moses, “When you go back to Egypt, make sure you do before Pharaoh all the wonders that I have put within your power. But I will harden his heart~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 4:21 \ft Or\fqa will make him stubborn\f*\sup ,\sup*\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 4:21 \ft \+xt Ex 7:13; 9:12,35; 14:8; Dt 2:30; Jos 11:20; Is 63:17; Jn 12:40; Rm 9:18\+xt*\f* so that he won’t let the people go.
\v 22 And you will say to Pharaoh: This is what the \nd Lord\nd* says: Israel is my firstborn son.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 4:22 \ft \+xt Is 63:16; 64:8; Jr 31:9; Hs 11:1; Rm 9:4\+xt*\f*
\v 23 I told you: Let my son go so that he may worship me, but you refused to let him go. Look, I am about to kill your firstborn son!~”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 4:23 \ft \+xt Ex 11:5; 12:29\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 24 On the trip, at an overnight campsite, it happened that the \nd Lord\nd* confronted him and intended to put him to death.
\v 25 So Zipporah took a flint, cut off her son’s foreskin, threw it at Moses’s feet, and said, “You are a bridegroom of blood to me!~”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 4:25 \ft \+xt Gn 17:14; Jos 5:2–3\+xt*\f*
\v 26 So he let him alone. At that time she said, “You are a bridegroom of blood,” referring to the circumcision.
\s1 Reunion of Moses and Aaron
\m
\v 27 Now the \nd Lord\nd* had said to Aaron, “Go and meet Moses in the wilderness.” So he went and met him at the mountain of God and kissed him.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 4:27 \ft \+xt Ex 3:1; 4:14\+xt*\f*
\v 28 Moses told Aaron everything the \nd Lord\nd* had sent him to say, and about all the signs he had commanded him to do.
\v 29 Then Moses and Aaron went and assembled all the elders of the Israelites.
\v 30 Aaron repeated everything the \nd Lord\nd* had said to Moses and performed the signs before the people.
\v 31 The people believed, and when they heard that the \nd Lord\nd* had paid attention~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 4:31 \ft \+xt Ex 2:25; 3:7,18; 4:8–9\+xt*\f* to them and that he had seen their misery,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 4:31 \ft \+xt Gn 24:26; 1Ch 29:20\+xt*\f* they knelt low and worshiped.
\c 5
\s1 Moses Confronts Pharaoh
\m
\v 1 Later, Moses and Aaron went in and said to Pharaoh, “This is what the \nd Lord\nd*, the God of Israel, says: Let my people go, so that they may hold a festival for me in the wilderness.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 5:1 \ft \+xt Ex 3:18; 10:9\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 2 But Pharaoh responded, “Who is the \nd Lord\nd* that I should obey him by letting Israel go?~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 5:2 \ft \+xt 1Sm 25:10; Pr 30:9; Jr 9:6\+xt*\f* I don’t know~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 5:2 \ft Or \fqa recognize\f* the \nd Lord\nd*, and besides, I will not let Israel go.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 5:2 \ft \+xt Ex 3:19; 2Kg 18:35; Jb 21:15\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 3 They answered, “The God of the Hebrews has met with us. Please let us go on a three-day trip into the wilderness so that we may sacrifice to the \nd Lord\nd* our God, or else he may strike us with plague or sword.”
\p
\v 4 The king of Egypt said to them, “Moses and Aaron, why are you causing the people to neglect their work? Get to your labor!~”
\v 5 Pharaoh also said, “Look, the people of the land are so numerous, and you would stop them from their labor.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 5:3–5 \ft \+xt Ex 1:7,9,11; 3:18\+xt*\f*
\s1 Further Oppression of Israel
\m
\v 6 That day Pharaoh commanded the overseers~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 5:6 \ft \+xt Ex 1:1; 3:7\+xt*\f* of the people as well as their foremen,
\v 7 “Don’t continue to supply the people with straw for making bricks, as before. They must go and gather straw for themselves.
\v 8 But require the same quota of bricks from them as they were making before; do not reduce it. For they are slackers~#—~#that is why they are crying out,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 5:8 \ft \+xt Ex 2:23; 3:7; 5:15\+xt*\f* ‘Let us go and sacrifice to our God.’
\v 9 Impose heavier work on the men. Then they will be occupied with it and not pay attention to deceptive words.”
\p
\v 10 So the overseers and foremen of the people went out and said to them, “This is what Pharaoh says:~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 5:10 \ft \+xt Ex 4:22; 5:1\+xt*\f* ‘I am not giving you straw.
\v 11 Go get straw yourselves wherever you can find it, but there will be no reduction at all in your workload.’~”
\v 12 So the people scattered throughout the land of Egypt to gather stubble for straw.
\v 13 The overseers insisted, “Finish your assigned work each day, just as you did when straw was provided.”
\v 14 Then the Israelite foremen, whom Pharaoh’s slave drivers had set over the people, were beaten~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 5:14 \ft \+xt Is 10:24\+xt*\f* and asked, “Why haven’t you finished making your prescribed number of bricks yesterday or today, as you did before?~”
\p
\v 15 So the Israelite foremen went in and cried for help to Pharaoh: “Why are you treating your servants this way?
\v 16 No straw has been given to your servants, yet they say to us, ‘Make bricks!~’ Look, your servants are being beaten, but it is your own people who are at fault.”
\p
\v 17 But he said, “You are slackers. Slackers! That is why you are saying, ‘Let us go sacrifice to the \nd Lord\nd*.’
\v 18 Now get to work. No straw will be given to you, but you must produce the same quantity of bricks.”
\p
\v 19 The Israelite foremen saw that they were in trouble when they were told, “You cannot reduce your daily quota of bricks.”
\v 20 When they left Pharaoh, they confronted Moses and Aaron, who stood waiting to meet them.
\p
\v 21 “May the \nd Lord\nd* take note of you and judge,” they said to them, “because you have made us reek to Pharaoh and his officials~#—~#putting a sword in their hand to kill us!~”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 5:21 \ft \+xt Gn 34:30; Ex 6:9; 14:11\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 22 So Moses went back to the \nd Lord\nd* and asked, “Lord, why have you caused trouble for this people? And why did you ever send me?~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 5:22 \ft \+xt Nm 11:11; Jr 4:10\+xt*\f*
\v 23 Ever since I went in to Pharaoh to speak in your name he has caused trouble for this people, and you haven’t rescued your people at all.”
\c 6
\m
\v 1 But the \nd Lord\nd* replied to Moses, “Now you will see what I will do to Pharaoh: because of a strong hand he will let them go, and because of a strong hand he will drive them from his land.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 6:1 \ft \+xt Ex 3:19; 12:31,33,39\+xt*\f*
\s1 God Promises Freedom
\m
\v 2 Then God spoke to Moses, telling him, “I am the \nd Lord\nd*.
\v 3 I appeared to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob as God Almighty, but I was not known to them by my name ‘the \nd Lord\nd*.’~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 6:3 \ft \+nd Lord\+nd* (in small capitals) stands for the personal name of God, which in Hb is \fqa Yahweh\ft . There is a long tradition of substituting “Lord” for “Yahweh” out of reverence.\f*\sup ,\sup*\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 6:3 \ft \+xt Gn 17:1; Ex 3:14; Ps 68:4; 83:18; Jn 8:58\+xt*\f*
\v 4 I also established my covenant with them to give them the land of Canaan, the land they lived in as aliens.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 6:4 \ft \+xt Gn 15:18; 28:4\+xt*\f*
\v 5 Furthermore, I have heard the groaning of the Israelites, whom the Egyptians are forcing to work as slaves, and I have remembered~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 6:5 \ft \+xt Gn 9:15; Ex 2:24; 1Ch 16:15; Ps 105:8; 106:45; 111:4\+xt*\f* my covenant.
\p
\v 6 “Therefore tell the Israelites: I am the \nd Lord\nd*, and I will bring you out from the forced labor of the Egyptians and rescue you from slavery to them. I will redeem you with an outstretched arm~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 6:6 \ft \+xt Ex 3:17; Dt 7:8; 26:8; 1Ch 17:21\+xt*\f* and great acts of judgment.
\v 7 I will take you as my people,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 6:7 \ft \+xt Dt 4:20; 2Sm 7:24\+xt*\f* and I will be your God. You will know~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 6:7 \ft \+xt Ex 16:12; 29:45; Is 41:20; Rv 21:7\+xt*\f* that I am the \nd Lord\nd* your God, who brought you out from the forced labor of the Egyptians.
\v 8 I will bring you to the land that I swore~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 6:8 \ft Lit \fqa raised my hand\f*\sup ,\sup*\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 6:8 \ft \+xt Gn 14:22; 15:18; 26:3\+xt*\f* to give to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and I will give it to you as a possession. I am the \nd Lord\nd*.”
\v 9 Moses told this to the Israelites, but they did not listen~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 6:9 \ft \+xt Ex 5:21; Ac 7:25\+xt*\f* to him because of their broken spirit and hard labor.
\p
\v 10 Then the \nd Lord\nd* spoke to Moses,
\v 11 “Go and tell Pharaoh king of Egypt to let the Israelites go from his land.”
\p
\v 12 But Moses said in the \nd Lord\nd*’s presence, “If the Israelites will not listen to me, then how will Pharaoh listen to me, since I am such a poor speaker?~”~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 6:12 \ft Lit \fqa I have uncircumcised lips\ft , also in v.~30\f*\sup ,\sup*\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 6:12 \ft \+xt Ex 4:10; 6:30; Jr 1:6\+xt*\f*
\v 13 Then the \nd Lord\nd* spoke to Moses and Aaron and gave them commands concerning both the Israelites and Pharaoh king of Egypt to bring the Israelites out of the land of Egypt.
\s1 Genealogy of Moses and Aaron
\m
\v 14 These are the heads of their fathers’ families:
\li The sons of Reuben,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 6:14 \ft \+xt Gn 46:9; 1Ch 5:3\+xt*\f* the~firstborn of~Israel:
\li Hanoch and~Pallu, Hezron and~Carmi.
\li These are the clans of~Reuben.
\b
\li
\v 15 The sons of~Simeon:~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 6:15 \ft \+xt Gn 46:10; 1Ch 4:24\+xt*\f*
\li Jemuel, Jamin, Ohad, Jachin,
\li Zohar, and~Shaul, the~son of~a~Canaanite~woman.
\li These are the clans of~Simeon.
\b
\li
\v 16 These are the names of~the~sons of~Levi
\li according to their~family records;
\li Gershon, Kohath, and~Merari.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 6:16 \ft \+xt Gn 46:11; Nm 3:17\+xt*\f*
\li Levi lived 137~years.
\li
\v 17 The sons of~Gershon:
\li Libni and Shimei, by~their~clans.
\li
\v 18 The sons of~Kohath:
\li Amram, Izhar, Hebron, and~Uzziel.
\li Kohath lived 133~years.
\li
\v 19 The sons of~Merari:
\li Mahli and~Mushi.
\li These are the clans of~the~Levites~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 6:17–19 \ft \+xt Nm 3:18–20; 1Ch 6:17–19; 23:21\+xt*\f*
\li according to their~family records.
\b
\li
\v 20 Amram married his~father’s~sister Jochebed,
\li and she bore him Aaron and~Moses.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 6:20 \ft \+xt Ex 2:1–2; Nm 26:59\+xt*\f*
\li Amram lived 137~years.
\li
\v 21 The sons of~Izhar:~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 6:21 \ft \+xt Nm 16:1; 1Ch 6:37–38\+xt*\f*
\li Korah, Nepheg, and~Zichri.
\li
\v 22 The sons of~Uzziel:
\li Mishael, Elzaphan,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 6:22 \ft \+xt Lv 10:4; Nm 3:30\+xt*\f* and~Sithri.
\li
\v 23 Aaron married Elisheba,
\li daughter of~Amminadab~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 6:23 \ft \+xt Ru 4:19–20; 1Ch 2:10; Mt 1:4\+xt*\f* and~sister of~Nahshon.
\li She bore him Nadab and~Abihu, Eleazar and~Ithamar.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 6:23 \ft \+xt Lv 10:1; Nm 3:2; 26:60\+xt*\f*
\li
\v 24 The sons of~Korah:~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 6:24 \ft \+xt Nm 26:11; 1Ch 6:22–23,37\+xt*\f*
\li Assir, Elkanah, and~Abiasaph.
\li These are the clans of~the~Korahites.
\li
\v 25 Aaron’s son~Eleazar married
\li one of the daughters of~Putiel,
\li and she bore him~Phinehas.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 6:25 \ft \+xt Nm 25:7,11; Jos 24:33; Ps 106:30\+xt*\f*
\li These are the heads of~the~Levite families by~their~clans.
\b
\p
\v 26 It was this Aaron and Moses whom the \nd Lord\nd* told, “Bring the Israelites out of the land of Egypt according to their military divisions.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 6:26 \ft \+xt Ex 7:4; 12:17,51; Nm 33:1\+xt*\f*
\v 27 Moses and Aaron were the ones who spoke to Pharaoh king of Egypt in order to bring the Israelites out of Egypt.
\s1 Moses and Aaron before Pharaoh
\m
\v 28 On the day the \nd Lord\nd* spoke to Moses in the land of Egypt,
\v 29 he said to him, “I am the \nd Lord\nd*;~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 6:29 \ft \+xt Ex 6:11; 7:2\+xt*\f* tell Pharaoh king of Egypt everything I am telling you.”
\p
\v 30 But Moses replied in the \nd Lord\nd*’s presence, “Since I am such a poor speaker,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 6:30 \ft \+xt Ex 4:10; 6:12\+xt*\f* how will Pharaoh listen to me?~”
\c 7
\m
\v 1 The \nd Lord\nd* answered Moses, “See, I have made you like God to Pharaoh, and Aaron your brother will be your prophet.
\v 2 You must say whatever I command you; then Aaron your brother must declare it to Pharaoh so that he will let the Israelites go from his land.
\v 3 But I will harden Pharaoh’s heart~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 7:3 \ft \+xt Ex 4:21\+xt*\f* and multiply my signs and wonders in the land of Egypt.
\v 4 Pharaoh will not listen to you, but I will put my hand into Egypt and bring the military divisions of my people the Israelites out of the land of Egypt by great acts of judgment.
\v 5 The Egyptians will know that I am the \nd Lord\nd*~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 7:5 \ft \+xt Ex 7:17; 8:19,22; 14:4,18\+xt*\f* when I stretch out my hand~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 7:5 \ft \+xt Ex 3:20; 6:6\+xt*\f* against Egypt and bring out the Israelites from among them.”
\p
\v 6 So Moses and Aaron did this; they did just as the \nd Lord\nd* commanded them.
\v 7 Moses was eighty years old~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 7:7 \ft \+xt Dt 29:5; 31:2; 34:7; Ac 7:23,30\+xt*\f* and Aaron eighty-three when they spoke to Pharaoh.
\p
\v 8 The \nd Lord\nd* said to Moses and Aaron,
\v 9 “When Pharaoh tells you, ‘Perform a miracle,’ tell Aaron, ‘Take your staff and throw it down before Pharaoh. It will become a serpent.’~”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 7:9 \ft \+xt Ex 4:2; Is 7:11; Jn 2:18; 6:30\+xt*\f*
\v 10 So Moses and Aaron went in to Pharaoh and did just as the \nd Lord\nd* had commanded. Aaron threw down his staff before Pharaoh and his officials, and it became a serpent.
\v 11 But then Pharaoh called the wise men and sorcerers~#—~#the magicians~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 7:11 \ft \+xt Gn 41:8; 2Tm 3:8\+xt*\f* of Egypt, and they also did the same thing by their occult practices.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 7:11 \ft \+xt Ex 7:22; 8:7,18\+xt*\f*
\v 12 Each one threw down his staff, and it became a serpent. But Aaron’s staff swallowed their staffs.
\v 13 However, Pharaoh’s heart was hard,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 7:13 \ft \+xt Ex 4:21; 7:22; 8:15,19,32; 9:7,12,34; 10:1,20,27; 11:10; 14:8\+xt*\f* and he did not listen to them, as the \nd Lord\nd* had said.
\s1 The First Plague: Water Turned to Blood
\m
\v 14 Then the \nd Lord\nd* said to Moses, “Pharaoh’s heart is hard: He refuses to let the people go.
\v 15 Go to Pharaoh in the morning. When you see him walking out to the water, stand ready to meet him by the bank of the Nile. Take in your hand the staff that turned into a snake.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 7:14–15 \ft \+xt Ex 4:2–3; 8:15; 10:1,20,27\+xt*\f*
\v 16 Tell him: The \nd Lord\nd*, the God of the Hebrews, has sent me to tell you: Let my people go, so that they may worship~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 7:16 \ft Or \fqa serve\ft ; Ex 4:23\f* me in the wilderness. But so far you have not listened.
\v 17 This is what the \nd Lord\nd* says: Here is how you will know that I am the \nd Lord\nd*. Watch. I am about to strike the water in the Nile with the staff in my hand, and it will turn to blood.
\v 18 The fish in the Nile will die, the river will stink, and the Egyptians will be unable to drink water from it.”
\p
\v 19 So the \nd Lord\nd* said to Moses, “Tell Aaron: Take your staff and stretch out your hand~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 7:19 \ft \+xt Ex 8:5–6,16–17; 9:22; 10:12,21; 14:21,26\+xt*\f* over the waters of Egypt~#—~#over their rivers, canals, ponds, and all their water reservoirs~#—~#and they will become blood. There will be blood throughout the land of Egypt, even in wooden and stone containers.”
\p
\v 20 Moses and Aaron did just as the \nd Lord\nd* had commanded; in the sight of Pharaoh and his officials, he raised the staff and struck the water in the Nile, and all the water in the Nile was turned to blood.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 7:20 \ft \+xt Ex 17:5; Ps 78:44; 105:29\+xt*\f*
\v 21 The fish in the Nile died, and the river smelled so bad the Egyptians could not drink water from it. There was blood throughout the land of Egypt.
\p
\v 22 But the magicians of Egypt did the same thing by their occult practices. So Pharaoh’s heart was hard, and he would not listen to them, as the \nd Lord\nd* had said.
\v 23 Pharaoh turned around, went into his palace, and didn’t take even this to heart.
\v 24 All the Egyptians dug around the Nile for water to drink because they could not drink the water from the river.
\v 25 Seven days passed after the \nd Lord\nd* struck the Nile.
\c 8
\s1 The Second Plague: Frogs
\m
\v 1 Then the \nd Lord\nd* said to Moses, “Go in to Pharaoh and tell him: This is what the \nd Lord\nd* says: Let my people go, so that they may worship me.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 8:1 \ft \+xt Ex 3:12,18; 4:23\+xt*\f*
\v 2 But if you refuse to let them go, then I will plague all your territory with frogs.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 8:2 \ft \+xt Ex 7:14; 9:2; Rv 16:13\+xt*\f*
\v 3 The Nile will swarm with frogs; they will come up and go into your palace, into your bedroom and on your bed, into the houses of your officials and your people, and into your ovens and kneading bowls.
\v 4 The frogs will come up on you, your people, and all your officials.”
\p
\v 5 The \nd Lord\nd* then said to Moses, “Tell Aaron: Stretch out your hand with your staff over the rivers, canals, and ponds, and cause the frogs to come up onto the land of Egypt.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 8:3–5 \ft \+xt Ex 7:19; 10:6\+xt*\f*
\v 6 When Aaron stretched out his hand over the waters of Egypt, the frogs~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 8:6 \ft \+xt Ps 78:45; 105:30\+xt*\f* came up and covered the land of Egypt.
\v 7 But the magicians did the same thing by their occult practices and brought frogs up onto the land of Egypt.
\p
\v 8 Pharaoh summoned Moses and Aaron and said, “Appeal~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 8:8 \ft \+xt Ex 8:28; 9:28; 10:17\+xt*\f* to the \nd Lord\nd* to remove the frogs from me and my people. Then I will let the people go and they can sacrifice to the \nd Lord\nd*.”
\p
\v 9 Moses said to Pharaoh, “You may have the honor of choosing. When should I appeal on behalf of you, your officials, and your people, that the frogs be taken away from you and your houses, and remain only in the Nile?~”
\p
\v 10 “Tomorrow,” he answered.
\p Moses replied, “As you have said, so that you may know there is no one like the \nd Lord\nd* our God,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 8:10 \ft \+xt Ex 9:14; Dt 33:26; 2Sm 7:22; 1Ch 17:20; Is 46:9; Jr 10:6–7\+xt*\f*
\v 11 the frogs will go away from you, your houses, your officials, and your people. The frogs will remain only in the Nile.”
\v 12 After Moses and Aaron went out from Pharaoh, Moses cried out to the \nd Lord\nd* for help concerning the frogs that he had brought against Pharaoh.
\v 13 The \nd Lord\nd* did as Moses had said: the frogs in the houses, courtyards, and fields died.
\v 14 They piled them in countless heaps, and there was a terrible odor in the land.
\v 15 But when Pharaoh saw there was relief, he hardened his heart~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 8:15 \ft \+xt Ex 7:4; Ec 8:11\+xt*\f* and would not listen to them, as the \nd Lord\nd* had said.
\s1 The Third Plague: Gnats
\m
\v 16 Then the \nd Lord\nd* said to Moses, “Tell Aaron: Stretch out your staff and strike the dust of the land, and it will become gnats~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 8:16 \ft Perhaps sand fleas or mosquitoes\f* throughout the land of Egypt.”
\v 17 And they did this. Aaron stretched out his hand with his staff, and when he struck the dust of the land, gnats were on people and animals. All the dust of the land became gnats throughout the land of Egypt.
\v 18 The magicians tried to produce gnats using their occult practices, but they could not. The gnats remained on people and animals.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 8:18 \ft \+xt Ex 7:11; 9:11; Dn 5:8\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 19 “This is the finger of God,”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 8:19 \ft \+xt Ps 8:3; Lk 11:20\+xt*\f* the magicians said to Pharaoh. But Pharaoh’s heart was hard, and he would not listen to them, as the \nd Lord\nd* had said.
\s1 The Fourth Plague: Swarms of Flies
\m
\v 20 The \nd Lord\nd* said to Moses, “Get up early in the morning and present yourself to Pharaoh when you see him going out to the water. Tell him: This is what the \nd Lord\nd* says: Let my people go, so that they may worship~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 8:20 \ft Or \fqa serve\f* me.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 8:20 \ft \+xt Ex 2:5; 7:15; 8:1; 9:13\+xt*\f*
\v 21 But if you will not let my people go, then I will send swarms of flies~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 8:21 \ft Or \fqa insects\f* against you, your officials, your people, and your houses. The Egyptians’ houses will swarm with flies, and so will the land where they live.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 8:21 \ft Lit \fqa are\f*
\v 22 But on that day I will give special treatment to the land of Goshen, where my people are living;~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 8:22 \ft \+xt Ex 9:4,6; 10:23; 11:7\+xt*\f* no flies will be there. This way you will know that I, the \nd Lord\nd*, am in the land.
\v 23 I will make a distinction~\f + \cat (I)\cat* \fr 8:23 \ft LXX, Syr, Vg; MT reads \fqa will place redemption\f* between my people and your people. This sign will take place tomorrow.”
\p
\v 24 And the \nd Lord\nd* did this. Thick swarms of flies went into Pharaoh’s palace and his officials’ houses. Throughout Egypt the land was ruined because of the swarms of flies.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 8:24 \ft \+xt Ps 78:45; 105:31\+xt*\f*
\v 25 Then Pharaoh summoned Moses and Aaron and said, “Go sacrifice to your God within the country.”
\p
\v 26 But Moses said, “It would not be right~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 8:26 \ft Or \fqa allowable\f* to do that, because what we will sacrifice to the \nd Lord\nd* our God is detestable to the Egyptians.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 8:26 \ft \+xt Gn 43:32; 46:34\+xt*\f* If we sacrifice what the Egyptians detest in front of them, won’t they stone us?
\v 27 We must go a distance of three days into the wilderness and sacrifice to the \nd Lord\nd* our God as he instructs us.”
\p
\v 28 Pharaoh responded, “I will let you go and sacrifice to the \nd Lord\nd* your God in the wilderness, but don’t go very far. Make an appeal~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 8:28 \ft \+xt Ex 8:8; 9:28; 1Kg 13:6\+xt*\f* for me.”
\p
\v 29 “As soon as I leave you,” Moses said, “I will appeal to the \nd Lord\nd*, and tomorrow the swarms of flies will depart from Pharaoh, his officials, and his people. But Pharaoh must not act deceptively again by refusing to let the people go and sacrifice to the \nd Lord\nd*.”
\v 30 Then Moses left Pharaoh’s presence and appealed to the \nd Lord\nd*.
\v 31 The \nd Lord\nd* did as Moses had said: He removed the swarms of flies from Pharaoh, his officials, and his people; not one was left.
\v 32 But Pharaoh hardened his heart this time also and did not let the people go.
\c 9
\s1 The Fifth Plague: Death of Livestock
\m
\v 1 Then the \nd Lord\nd* said to Moses, “Go in to Pharaoh and say to him: This is what the \nd Lord\nd*, the God of the Hebrews, says: Let my people go, so that they may worship me.
\v 2 But if you refuse to let them go and keep holding them,
\v 3 then the \nd Lord\nd*’s hand will bring a severe plague against your livestock in the field~#—~#the horses, donkeys, camels, herds, and flocks.
\v 4 But the \nd Lord\nd* will make a distinction between the livestock of Israel and the livestock of Egypt, so that nothing of all that the Israelites own will die.”
\v 5 And the \nd Lord\nd* set a time, saying, “Tomorrow the \nd Lord\nd* will do this thing in the land.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 9:1–5 \ft \+xt Ex 7:4,16; 8:1–2,22; 11:7\+xt*\f*
\v 6 The \nd Lord\nd* did this the next day. All the Egyptian livestock died,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 9:6 \ft \+xt Ex 9:19; Ps 78:50\+xt*\f* but none among the Israelite livestock died.
\v 7 Pharaoh sent messengers who saw that not a single one of the Israelite livestock was dead. But Pharaoh’s heart was hard,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 9:7 \ft \+xt Ex 7:14; 8:32\+xt*\f* and he did not let the people go.
\s1 The Sixth Plague: Boils
\m
\v 8 Then the \nd Lord\nd* said to Moses and Aaron, “Take handfuls of furnace soot, and Moses is to throw it toward heaven in the sight of Pharaoh.
\v 9 It will become fine dust over the entire land of Egypt. It will become festering boils~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 9:9 \ft \+xt Dt 28:27; Rv 16:2\+xt*\f* on people and animals throughout the land of Egypt.”
\v 10 So they took furnace soot and stood before Pharaoh. Moses threw it toward heaven, and it became festering boils on people and animals.
\v 11 The magicians could not stand before Moses because of the boils, for the boils were on the magicians as well as on all the Egyptians.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 9:11 \ft \+xt Ex 8:18; 2Tm 3:9\+xt*\f*
\v 12 But the \nd Lord\nd* hardened Pharaoh’s heart~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 9:12 \ft \+xt Ex 4:21; 7:22\+xt*\f* and he did not listen to them, as the \nd Lord\nd* had told Moses.
\s1 The Seventh Plague: Hail
\m
\v 13 Then the \nd Lord\nd* said to Moses, “Get up early in the morning and present yourself to Pharaoh. Tell him: This is what the \nd Lord\nd*, the God of the Hebrews says: Let my people go, so that they may worship me.
\v 14 For this time I am about to send all my plagues against you,~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 9:14 \ft Lit \fqa plagues to your heart\f* your officials, and your people. Then you will know there is no one like me on the whole earth.
\v 15 By now I could have stretched out my hand and struck you and your people with a plague, and you would have been obliterated from the earth.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 9:15 \ft \+xt Ex 3:20; 8:10,20\+xt*\f*
\v 16 However, I have let you live for this purpose: to show you my power~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 9:16 \ft \+xt Ex 14:17; Pr 16:4; Rm 9:17\+xt*\f* and to make my name known on the whole earth.
\v 17 You are still acting arrogantly against~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 9:17 \ft Or \fqa still obstructing\f* my people by not letting them go.
\v 18 Tomorrow at this time I will rain down the worst hail~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 9:18 \ft \+xt Jos 10:11; Jb 38:22; Ps 18:12; Is 28:2; 30:30; Ezk 13:11; 38:22\+xt*\f* that has ever occurred in Egypt from the day it was founded until now.
\v 19 Therefore give orders to bring your livestock and all that you have in the field into shelters. Every person and animal that is in the field and not brought inside will die when the hail falls on them.”
\v 20 Those among Pharaoh’s officials who feared the word of the \nd Lord\nd* made their servants and livestock flee to shelters,
\v 21 but those who didn’t take to heart the \nd Lord\nd*’s word left their servants and livestock in the field.
\p
\v 22 Then the \nd Lord\nd* said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand toward heaven and let there be hail throughout the land of Egypt~#—~#on people and animals and every plant of the field in the land of Egypt.”
\v 23 So Moses stretched out his staff toward heaven, and the \nd Lord\nd* sent thunder and hail.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 9:23 \ft \+xt Ps 78:47–48; 105:32; 148:8; Rv 8:7; 11:19; 16:21\+xt*\f* Lightning struck the land, and the \nd Lord\nd* rained hail on the land of Egypt.
\v 24 The hail, with lightning flashing through it, was so severe that nothing like it had occurred in the land of Egypt since it had become a nation.
\v 25 Throughout the land of Egypt, the hail struck down everything in the field, both people and animals. The hail beat down every plant of the field and shattered every tree in the field.
\v 26 The only place it didn’t hail was in the land of Goshen, where the Israelites were.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 9:26 \ft \+xt Ex 8:22; 9:4,6; 11:7; 12:13; Is 32:18\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 27 Pharaoh sent for Moses and Aaron. “I have sinned this time,” he said to them. “The \nd Lord\nd* is the righteous~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 9:27 \ft \+xt Ex 10:16; 2Ch 12:6; Ps 129:4; 145:17; Lm 1:18\+xt*\f* one, and I and my people are the guilty ones.
\v 28 Make an appeal to the \nd Lord\nd*. There has been enough of God’s thunder and hail. I will let you go;~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 9:28 \ft \+xt Ex 8:8; 10:17\+xt*\f* you don’t need to stay any longer.”
\p
\v 29 Moses said to him, “When I have left the city, I will spread out my hands~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 9:29 \ft \+xt 1Kg 8:22,38; Ps 143:6; Is 1:15\+xt*\f* to the \nd Lord\nd*. The thunder will cease, and there will be no more hail, so that you may know the earth~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 9:29 \ft Or \fqa land\f*\sup ,\sup*\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 9:29 \ft \+xt Ps 24:1; 1Co 10:26\+xt*\f* belongs to the \nd Lord\nd*.
\v 30 But as for you and your officials, I know that you still do not fear the \nd Lord\nd* God.”
\p
\v 31 The flax and the barley were destroyed because the barley was ripe~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 9:31 \ft Lit \fqa was ears of grain\f* and the flax was budding,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 9:31 \ft \+xt Ru 1:22; 2:23\+xt*\f*
\v 32 but the wheat and the spelt were not destroyed since they are later crops.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 9:32 \ft Lit \fqa are late\f*
\p
\v 33 Moses left Pharaoh and the city, and spread out his hands to the \nd Lord\nd*. Then the thunder and hail ceased, and rain no longer poured down on the land.
\v 34 When Pharaoh saw that the rain, hail, and thunder had ceased, he sinned again and hardened his heart, he and his officials.
\v 35 So Pharaoh’s heart was hard, and he did not let the Israelites go, as the \nd Lord\nd* had said through Moses.
\c 10
\s1 The Eighth Plague: Locusts
\m
\v 1 Then the \nd Lord\nd* said to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh, for I have hardened his heart and the hearts of his officials so that I may do these miraculous signs of mine among them,~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 10:1 \ft Lit \fqa mine in his midst\f*\sup ,\sup*\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 10:1 \ft \+xt Ex 4:21; 7:4,13\+xt*\f*
\v 2 and so that you may tell~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 10:2 \ft Lit \fqa tell in the ears of\f* your son and grandson~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 10:2 \ft \+xt Ex 13:8,14; Dt 4:9; 6:20–22; Ps 44:1; 78:5–7; Jl 1:3\+xt*\f* how severely I dealt with the Egyptians and performed miraculous signs among them, and you will know that I am the \nd Lord\nd*.”
\p
\v 3 So Moses and Aaron went in to Pharaoh and told him, “This is what the \nd Lord\nd*, the God of the Hebrews, says: How long will you refuse to humble yourself before me? Let my people go, that they may worship me.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 10:3 \ft \+xt 1Kg 21:29; Jms 4:10; 1Pt 5:6\+xt*\f*
\v 4 But if you refuse to let my people go, then tomorrow I will bring locusts~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 10:4 \ft \+xt Pr 30:27; Rv 9:3\+xt*\f* into your territory.
\v 5 They will cover the surface of the land so that no one will be able to see the land. They will eat the remainder left~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 10:5 \ft \+xt Ex 9:32; Jl 1:4\+xt*\f* to you that escaped the hail; they will eat every tree you have growing in the fields.
\v 6 They will fill your houses, all your officials’ houses, and the houses of all the Egyptians~#—~#something your fathers and grandfathers never saw since the time they occupied the land until today.” Then he turned and left Pharaoh’s presence.
\p
\v 7 Pharaoh’s officials asked him, “How long must this man be a snare~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 10:7 \ft \+xt Ex 23:33; Jos 23:13; 1Sm 18:21; Ec 7:26\+xt*\f* to us? Let the men go, so that they may worship the \nd Lord\nd* their God. Don’t you realize yet that Egypt is devastated?~”
\p
\v 8 So Moses and Aaron were brought back to Pharaoh. “Go, worship the \nd Lord\nd* your God,” Pharaoh said. “But exactly who will be going?~”
\p
\v 9 Moses replied, “We will go with our young and with our old; we will go with our sons and with our daughters, with our flocks and with our herds because we must hold the \nd Lord\nd*’s festival.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 10:8–9 \ft \+xt Ex 5:1; 8:8\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 10 He said to them, “The \nd Lord\nd* would have to be with you if I would ever let you and your families go! Look out~#—~#you’re heading for trouble.
\v 11 No, go~#—~#just able-bodied men~#—~#worship the \nd Lord\nd*, since that’s what you want.” And they were driven from Pharaoh’s presence.
\p
\v 12 The \nd Lord\nd* then said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand over the land of Egypt, and the locusts will come up over it and eat every plant in the land, everything that the hail left.”
\v 13 So Moses stretched out his staff over the land of Egypt, and the \nd Lord\nd* sent an east wind over the land all that day and through the night. By morning the east wind had brought in the locusts.
\v 14 The locusts went up over the entire land of Egypt and settled on the whole territory of Egypt. Never before had there been such a large number of locusts, and there never will be again.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 10:14 \ft \+xt Ps 78:46; 105:34; Jl 2:2\+xt*\f*
\v 15 They covered the surface of the whole land so that the land was black, and they consumed all the plants on the ground and all the fruit on the trees that the hail had left. Nothing green was left on the trees or the plants in the field throughout the land of Egypt.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 10:15 \ft \+xt Ex 10:5; Ps 105:35\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 16 Pharaoh urgently sent for Moses and Aaron and said, “I have sinned against the \nd Lord\nd* your God and against you.
\v 17 Please forgive my sin once more and make an appeal to the \nd Lord\nd* your God, so that he will just take this death away from me.”
\v 18 Moses left Pharaoh’s presence and appealed to the \nd Lord\nd*.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 10:16–18 \ft \+xt Ex 8:8,30; 9:27\+xt*\f*
\v 19 Then the \nd Lord\nd* changed the wind to a strong west~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 10:19 \ft Lit \fqa sea\f* wind, and it carried off the locusts and blew them into the Red Sea.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 10:19 \ft \+xt Ex 13:18; 15:4,22; 23:31; Nm 14:25; 21:4; 33:10–11\+xt*\f* Not a single locust was left in all the territory of Egypt.
\v 20 But the \nd Lord\nd* hardened Pharaoh’s heart,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 10:20 \ft \+xt Ex 4:21; 11:10\+xt*\f* and he did not let the Israelites go.
\s1 The Ninth Plague: Darkness
\m
\v 21 Then the \nd Lord\nd* said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand toward heaven, and there will be darkness over the land of Egypt, a darkness that can be felt.”
\v 22 So Moses stretched out his hand toward heaven, and there was thick darkness throughout the land of Egypt for three days.
\v 23 One person could not see another, and for three days they did not move from where they were. Yet all the Israelites had light where they lived.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 10:22–23 \ft \+xt Ex 8:22; Ps 105:28\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 24 Pharaoh summoned Moses and said, “Go, worship the \nd Lord\nd*. Even your families may go with you; only your flocks and herds must stay behind.”
\p
\v 25 Moses responded, “You must also let us have~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 10:25 \ft Lit \fqa also give in our hand\f* sacrifices and burnt offerings to prepare for the \nd Lord\nd* our God.
\v 26 Even our livestock must go with us; not a hoof will be left behind because we will take some of them to worship the \nd Lord\nd* our God. We will not know what we will use to worship the \nd Lord\nd* until we get there.”
\p
\v 27 But the \nd Lord\nd* hardened Pharaoh’s heart,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 10:27 \ft \+xt Ex 4:21; 10:20\+xt*\f* and he was unwilling to let them go.
\v 28 Pharaoh said to him, “Leave me! Make sure you never see my face again, for on the day you see my face, you will die.”
\p
\v 29 “As you have said,” Moses replied, “I will never see your face again.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 10:29 \ft \+xt Heb 11:27\+xt*\f*
\c 11
\s1 The Tenth Plague: Death of the Firstborn
\m
\v 1 The \nd Lord\nd* said~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 11:1 \ft Or \fqa had said\f* to Moses, “I will bring one more plague on Pharaoh and on Egypt. After that, he will let you go from here. When he lets you go,~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 11:1 \ft Or \fqa go, it will be finished\ft —\f* he will drive you out of here.
\v 2 Now announce to the people that both men and women should ask their neighbors for silver and gold items.”
\v 3 The \nd Lord\nd* gave~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 11:3 \ft Or \fqa had given\f* the people favor with the Egyptians. In addition, Moses himself was very highly regarded~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 11:3 \ft Lit \fqa was very great\f* in the land of Egypt by~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 11:3 \ft Or \fqa in the eyes of\f* Pharaoh’s officials and the people.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 11:1–3 \ft \+xt Ex 3:21–22; 12:35–36\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 4 So Moses said, “This is what the \nd Lord\nd* says: About midnight I will go throughout Egypt,
\v 5 and every firstborn male in the land of Egypt will die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sits on his throne to the firstborn of the servant girl who is at the grindstones, as well as every firstborn of the livestock.
\v 6 Then there will be a great cry of anguish through all the land of Egypt such as never was before or ever will be again.
\v 7 But against all the Israelites, whether people or animals, not even a dog will snarl,~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 11:7 \ft Lit \fqa point its tongue\f* so that you may know that the \nd Lord\nd* makes a distinction between Egypt and Israel.
\v 8 All these officials of yours will come down to me and bow before me, saying: Get out, you and all the people who follow you.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 11:8 \ft Lit \fqa people at your feet\f* After that, I will get out.” And he went out from Pharaoh’s presence fiercely angry.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 11:8 \ft \+xt Ex 12:3; Am 5:17\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 9 The \nd Lord\nd* said to Moses, “Pharaoh will not listen~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 11:9 \ft \+xt Ex 3:19; 7:4; 10:1\+xt*\f* to you, so that my wonders may be multiplied in the land of Egypt.”
\v 10 Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh, but the \nd Lord\nd* hardened Pharaoh’s heart,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 11:10 \ft \+xt Ex 4:21; 10:20,27\+xt*\f* and he would not let the Israelites go out of his land.
\c 12
\s1 Instructions for the Passover
\m
\v 1 The \nd Lord\nd* said to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt,
\v 2 “This month is to be the beginning of months for you; it is the first month of your year.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:2 \ft \+xt Ex 13:4; 23:15; 34:18; Dt 16:1\+xt*\f*
\v 3 Tell the whole community of Israel that on the tenth day of this month they must each select an animal of the flock according to their fathers’ families, one animal per family.
\v 4 If the household is too small for a whole animal, that person and the neighbor nearest his house are to select one based on the combined number of people; you should apportion the animal according to what each will eat.
\v 5 You must have an unblemished~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:5 \ft \+xt Lv 22:19–21; Mal 1:8,14\+xt*\f* animal, a year-old male; you may take it from either the sheep or the goats.
\v 6 You are to keep it until the fourteenth day of this month; then the whole assembly of the community of Israel will slaughter the animals at twilight.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:6 \ft \+xt Lv 23:5; Nm 9:3; Dt 16:6\+xt*\f*
\v 7 They must take some of the blood and put it on the two doorposts and the lintel of the houses where they eat them.
\v 8 They are to eat the meat that night; they should eat it, roasted over the fire along with unleavened bread and bitter herbs.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:8 \ft \+xt Ex 34:25; Nm 9:11; Dt 16:3; 1Co 5:8\+xt*\f*
\v 9 Do not eat any of it raw or cooked in boiling~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 12:9 \ft Or \fqa or boiled at all in\f* water, but only roasted~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:9 \ft \+xt Dt 16:7; 2Ch 35:13\+xt*\f* over fire~#—~#its head as well as its legs and inner organs.
\v 10 You must not leave any of it until morning;~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:10 \ft \+xt Ex 23:18; 34:25\+xt*\f* any part of it left until morning you must burn.
\v 11 Here is how you must eat it: You must be dressed for travel,~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 12:11 \ft Lit \fqa must have your waist girded\f* your sandals on your feet, and your staff in your hand. You are to eat it in a hurry; it is the \nd Lord\nd*’s Passover.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:11 \ft \+xt Ex 12:27; Dt 16:5\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 12 “I will pass through~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:12 \ft \+xt Ex 11:4–5; Am 5:17\+xt*\f* the land of Egypt on that night and strike every firstborn male in the land of Egypt, both people and animals. I am the \nd Lord\nd*; I will execute judgments against all the gods of Egypt.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:12 \ft \+xt Ex 6:2; Nm 33:4\+xt*\f*
\v 13 The blood on the houses where you are staying will be a distinguishing mark for you; when I see the blood, I will pass over you. No plague will be among you to destroy you when I strike the land of Egypt.
\p
\v 14 “This day is to be a memorial for you, and you must celebrate it as a festival to the \nd Lord\nd*. You are to celebrate it throughout your generations as a permanent statute.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:14 \ft \+xt Ex 12:17,43; 13:9–10; 2Kg 23:21\+xt*\f*
\v 15 You must eat unleavened bread for seven days. On the first day you must remove yeast~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:15 \ft \+xt Ex 13:6–7; 23:15; 34:18; Lv 23:6; Dt 16:3,8\+xt*\f* from your houses. Whoever eats what is leavened from the first day through the seventh day must be cut off~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:15 \ft \+xt Gn 17:14; Nm 9:13\+xt*\f* from Israel.
\v 16 You are to hold a sacred assembly~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:16 \ft \+xt Lv 23:7–8; Nm 28:18,25\+xt*\f* on the first day and another sacred assembly on the seventh day. No work may be done on those days except for preparing what people need to eat~#—~#you may do only that.
\p
\v 17 “You are to observe the Festival of Unleavened Bread because on this very day I brought your military divisions out of the land of Egypt.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:17 \ft \+xt Ex 12:41,51; 13:3\+xt*\f* You must observe this day throughout your generations as a permanent statute.
\v 18 You are to eat unleavened bread in the first month,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:18 \ft \+xt Lv 23:5–8; Nm 28:16–25\+xt*\f* from the evening of the fourteenth day of the month until the evening of the twenty-first day.
\v 19 Yeast must not be found in your houses for seven days. If anyone eats something leavened, that person, whether a resident alien or native of the land, must be cut off from the community of Israel.
\v 20 Do not eat anything leavened; eat unleavened bread in all your homes.”~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 12:20 \ft Or \fqa settlements\f*
\p
\v 21 Then Moses summoned all the elders of Israel and said to them, “Go, select an animal from the flock according to your families, and slaughter the Passover animal.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:21 \ft \+xt Ex 12:3; Mk 14:12–16\+xt*\f*
\v 22 Take a cluster of hyssop, dip it in the blood~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:22 \ft \+xt Ex 12:7; Heb 11:28\+xt*\f* that is in the basin, and brush the lintel and the two doorposts with some of the blood in the basin. None of you may go out the door of his house until morning.
\v 23 When the \nd Lord\nd* passes through to strike Egypt and sees the blood on the lintel and the two doorposts, he will pass over the door and not let the destroyer enter your houses to strike you.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:23 \ft \+xt Ezk 9:6; 1Co 10:10; Rv 7:3\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 24 “Keep this command permanently as a statute for you and your descendants.
\v 25 When you enter the land that the \nd Lord\nd* will give you as he promised, you are to observe this ceremony.
\v 26 When your children~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:26 \ft \+xt Ex 10:2; 13:8,14; Dt 6:20; 32:7; Jos 4:6,21; Ps 78:3–6\+xt*\f* ask you, ‘What does this ceremony mean to you?~’
\v 27 you are to reply, ‘It is the Passover sacrifice~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:27 \ft \+xt Ex 4:31; 12:11\+xt*\f* to the \nd Lord\nd*, for he passed over the houses of the Israelites in Egypt when he struck the Egyptians, and he spared our homes.’~” So the people knelt low and worshiped.
\v 28 Then the Israelites went and did this; they did just as the \nd Lord\nd* had commanded Moses and Aaron.
\s1 The Exodus
\m
\v 29 Now at midnight the \nd Lord\nd* struck every firstborn male in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sat on his throne to the firstborn of the prisoner who was in the dungeon, and every firstborn of the livestock.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:29 \ft \+xt Ex 4:23; 11:4; Nm 8:17; 33:4; Ps 78:51; 135:8\+xt*\f*
\v 30 During the night Pharaoh got up, he along with all his officials and all the Egyptians, and there was a loud wailing~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:30 \ft \+xt Ex 11:6; Am 5:17\+xt*\f* throughout Egypt because there wasn’t a house without someone dead.
\v 31 He summoned Moses and Aaron during the night and said, “Get out immediately from among my people, both you and the Israelites, and go, worship the \nd Lord\nd* as you have said.
\v 32 Take even your flocks and your herds as you asked and leave, and also bless me.”
\p
\v 33 Now the Egyptians pressured the people in order to send them quickly out of the country, for they said, “We’re all going to die!~”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:33 \ft \+xt Ex 11:8; Ps 105:38\+xt*\f*
\v 34 So the people took their dough before it was leavened, with their kneading bowls wrapped up in their clothes on their shoulders.
\p
\v 35 The Israelites acted on Moses’s word and asked the Egyptians for silver and gold items and for clothing.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:35 \ft \+xt Gn 15:14; Ex 3:21; Ps 105:37\+xt*\f*
\v 36 And the \nd Lord\nd* gave the people such favor with the Egyptians that they gave them what they requested. In this way they plundered the Egyptians.
\p
\v 37 The Israelites traveled from Rameses to Succoth,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:37 \ft \+xt Gn 47:11; Nm 33:3,5\+xt*\f* about six hundred thousand~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:37 \ft \+xt Ex 38:26; Nm 1:46; 11:21\+xt*\f* able-bodied men on foot, besides their families.
\v 38 A mixed crowd also went up with them, along with a huge number of livestock, both flocks and herds.
\v 39 The people baked the dough they had brought out of Egypt into unleavened loaves, since it had no yeast; for when they were driven~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:39 \ft \+xt Ex 6:1; 12:33\+xt*\f* out of Egypt, they could not delay and had not prepared provisions for themselves.
\p
\v 40 The time that the Israelites lived in Egypt~\f + \cat (I)\cat* \fr 12:40 \ft LXX, Sam add \fqa and in Canaan\f* was 430 years.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:40 \ft \+xt Gn 15:13–16; Ac 7:6; Gl 3:17\+xt*\f*
\v 41 At the end of 430 years, on that same day, all the \nd Lord\nd*’s military divisions went out from the land of Egypt.
\v 42 It was a night of vigil in honor of the \nd Lord\nd*, because he would bring them out of the land of Egypt. This same night is in honor of the \nd Lord\nd*, a night vigil for all the Israelites throughout their generations.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:42 \ft \+xt Ex 13:10; Dt 16:1,6\+xt*\f*
\s1 Passover Instruction
\m
\v 43 The \nd Lord\nd* said to Moses and Aaron, “This is the statute of the Passover: no foreigner may eat it.
\v 44 But any slave a man has purchased may eat it, after you have circumcised him.
\v 45 A temporary resident or hired worker may not eat the Passover.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:43–45 \ft \+xt Gn 17:11–13; Lv 22:10; Nm 9:14\+xt*\f*
\v 46 It is to be eaten in one house. You may not take any of the meat outside the house, and you may not break any of its bones.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:46 \ft \+xt Nm 9:12; Ps 34:20; Jn 19:33,36\+xt*\f*
\v 47 The whole community of Israel must celebrate~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 12:47 \ft Lit \fqa do\f* it.
\v 48 If an alien resides among you and wants to observe the \nd Lord\nd*’s Passover, every male in his household must be circumcised, and then he may participate;~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 12:48 \ft Lit \fqa may come near to do it\f* he will become like a native of the land. But no uncircumcised person may eat it.
\v 49 The same law will apply to both the native and the alien who resides among you.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:49 \ft \+xt Nm 9:14; 15:15–16,19; Gl 3:28\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 50 Then all the Israelites did this; they did just as the \nd Lord\nd* had commanded Moses and Aaron.
\v 51 On that same day the \nd Lord\nd* brought the Israelites out of the land of Egypt according to their military divisions.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 12:51 \ft \+xt Ex 6:26; 12:41\+xt*\f*
\c 13
\m
\v 1 The \nd Lord\nd* spoke to Moses:
\v 2 “Consecrate every firstborn male~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 13:2 \ft \+xt Ex 13:12–13,15; 22:29–30; Nm 3:13; Dt 15:9; Lk 2:23\+xt*\f* to me, the firstborn from every womb among the Israelites, both man and domestic animal; it is mine.”
\p
\v 3 Then Moses said to the people, “Remember this day when you came out of Egypt, out of the place of slavery, for the \nd Lord\nd* brought you out of here by the strength of his hand. Nothing leavened may be eaten.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 13:3 \ft \+xt Ex 6:1; 12:8,42; Dt 16:3\+xt*\f*
\v 4 Today, in the month of Abib,~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 13:4 \ft March–April; called Nisan in the post-exilic period; Neh 2:1; Est 3:7\f*\sup ,\sup*\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 13:4 \ft \+xt Ex 12:2; 23:15; 34:18; Dt 16:1\+xt*\f* you are going out.
\v 5 When the \nd Lord\nd* brings you into the land of the Canaanites, Hethites, Amorites, Hivites, and Jebusites,~\f + \cat (I)\cat* \fr 13:5 \ft DSS, Sam, LXX, Syr add \fqa Girgashites \ft and \fqa Perizzites\ft ; Jos 3:10\f* which he swore to your ancestors that he would give you, a land flowing with milk and honey,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 13:5 \ft \+xt Ex 3:8; 33:3; Nm 16:14; Jos 5:6; Jr 32:22\+xt*\f* you must carry out this ceremony in this month.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 13:5 \ft \+xt Ex 6:8; 12:25\+xt*\f*
\v 6 For seven days you must eat unleavened bread, and on the seventh day there is to be a festival to the \nd Lord\nd*.
\v 7 Unleavened bread is to be eaten for those seven days. Nothing leavened may be found among you, and no yeast may be found among you in all your territory.
\v 8 On that day explain to your son, ‘This is because of what the \nd Lord\nd* did for me when I came out of Egypt.’~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 13:8 \ft \+xt Ex 3:14; 12:26–27\+xt*\f*
\v 9 Let it serve as a sign for you on your hand and as a reminder on your forehead,~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 13:9 \ft Lit \fqa reminder between your eyes\f*\sup ,\sup*\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 13:9 \ft \+xt Ex 13:16; Dt 6:8; 11:18\+xt*\f* so that the \nd Lord\nd*’s instruction may be in your mouth; for the \nd Lord\nd* brought you out of Egypt with a strong hand.
\v 10 Keep this statute at its appointed time from year to year.
\p
\v 11 “When the \nd Lord\nd* brings you into the land of the Canaanites, as he swore to you and your ancestors, and gives it to you,
\v 12 you are to present to the \nd Lord\nd* every firstborn male of the womb. All firstborn offspring of the livestock you own that are males will be the \nd Lord\nd*’s.
\v 13 You must redeem every firstborn of a donkey with a flock animal, but if you do not redeem it, break its neck. However, you must redeem every firstborn among your sons.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 13:13 \ft \+xt Ex 34:20; Nm 3:46–47; 18:15\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 14 “In the future, when your son~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 13:14 \ft \+xt Ex 12:26–27; Dt 6:20\+xt*\f* asks you, ‘What does this mean?~’ say to him, ‘By the strength of his hand the \nd Lord\nd* brought us out of Egypt, out of the place of slavery.
\v 15 When Pharaoh stubbornly refused to let us go, the \nd Lord\nd* killed every firstborn male in the land of Egypt, both the firstborn of humans and the firstborn of livestock. That is why I sacrifice to the \nd Lord\nd* all the firstborn of the womb that are males, but I redeem all the firstborn of my sons.’
\v 16 So let it be a sign on your hand and a symbol~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 13:16 \ft Or \fqa phylactery\f* on your forehead, for the \nd Lord\nd* brought us out of Egypt by the strength of his hand.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 13:15–16 \ft \+xt Ex 12:29; 13:9\+xt*\f*
\s1 The Route of the Exodus
\m
\v 17 When Pharaoh let the people go, God did not lead them along the road to the land of the Philistines, even though it was nearby; for God said, “The people will change their minds and return to Egypt if they face war.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 13:17 \ft \+xt Ex 14:11; Nm 14:1–4; Dt 17:16\+xt*\f*
\v 18 So he led the people around toward the Red Sea along the road of the wilderness. And the Israelites left the land of Egypt in battle formation.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 13:18 \ft \+xt Ex 14:2; Nm 33:6; Jos 1:14\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 19 Moses took the bones of Joseph~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 13:19 \ft \+xt Gn 50:25; Jos 24:32; Ac 7:16; Heb 11:22\+xt*\f* with him, because Joseph had made the Israelites swear a solemn oath, saying, “God will certainly come to your aid; then you must take my bones with you from this place.”
\p
\v 20 They set out from Succoth and camped at Etham on the edge of the wilderness.
\v 21 The \nd Lord\nd* went ahead of them in a pillar of cloud~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 13:21 \ft \+xt Ex 14:19; Nm 9:15–16; Dt 1:33; Neh 9:12; Ps 78:14; 99:7; Is 4:5; 1Co 10:1\+xt*\f* to lead them on their way during the day and in a pillar of fire to give them light at night, so that they could travel day or night.
\v 22 The pillar of cloud by day and the pillar of fire by night never left its place in front of the people.
\c 14
\m
\v 1 Then the \nd Lord\nd* spoke to Moses:
\v 2 “Tell the Israelites to turn back and camp in front of Pi-hahiroth, between Migdol and the sea; you must camp in front of Baal-zephon, facing it by the sea.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 14:2 \ft \+xt Ex 13:18; Nm 33:7; Jr 44:1\+xt*\f*
\v 3 Pharaoh will say of the Israelites: They are wandering around the land in confusion; the wilderness has boxed them in.
\v 4 I will harden Pharaoh’s heart so that he will pursue them. Then I will receive glory by means of Pharaoh and all his army, and the Egyptians will know that I am the \nd Lord\nd*.” So the Israelites did this.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 14:4 \ft \+xt Ex 4:21; 7:5; Rm 9:17,22–23\+xt*\f*
\s1 The Egyptian Pursuit
\m
\v 5 When the king of Egypt was told that the people had fled, Pharaoh and his officials changed their minds about the people and said, “What have we done? We have released Israel from serving us.”
\v 6 So he got his chariot ready and took his troops~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 14:6 \ft Lit \fqa people\f* with him;
\v 7 he took six hundred of the best chariots and all the rest of the chariots of Egypt, with officers in each one.
\v 8 The \nd Lord\nd* hardened the heart of Pharaoh king of Egypt, and he pursued the Israelites, who were going out defiantly.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 14:8 \ft Lit \fqa with a raised hand\f*\sup ,\sup*\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 14:8 \ft \+xt Ex 6:1; 13:9; Nm 33:3; Ac 13:17\+xt*\f*
\v 9 The Egyptians~#—~#all Pharaoh’s horses and chariots, his horsemen,~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 14:9 \ft Or \fqa chariot drivers\f* and his army~#—~#chased~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 14:9 \ft \+xt Ex 15:9; Jos 24:6\+xt*\f* after them and caught up with them as they camped by the sea beside Pi-hahiroth, in front of Baal-zephon.
\p
\v 10 As Pharaoh approached, the Israelites looked up and there were the Egyptians coming after them! The Israelites were terrified and cried out~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 14:10 \ft \+xt Jos 24:7; Neh 9:9; Ps 34:17\+xt*\f* to the \nd Lord\nd* for help.
\v 11 They said to Moses, “Is it because there are no graves in Egypt that you have taken us away to die in the wilderness? What have you done to us by bringing us out of Egypt?
\v 12 Isn’t this what we told you in Egypt: Leave us alone so that we may serve the Egyptians? It would have been better for us to serve the Egyptians than to die in the wilderness.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 14:12 \ft \+xt Ex 5:21; Ps 106:7–8\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 13 But Moses said to the people, “Don’t be afraid. Stand firm and see~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 14:13 \ft \+xt Gn 15:1; 46:3; Ex 20:20; 2Ch 20:15,17; Is 41:10\+xt*\f* the \nd Lord\nd*’s salvation that he will accomplish for you today; for the Egyptians you see today, you will never see again.
\v 14 The \nd Lord\nd* will fight for you, and you must be quiet.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 14:14 \ft \+xt Ex 14:25; Dt 1:30; 3:22; Jos 10:14; 2Ch 20:29; Is 30:15\+xt*\f*
\s1 Escape through the Red Sea
\m
\v 15 The \nd Lord\nd* said to Moses, “Why are you crying out to me? Tell the Israelites to break camp.
\v 16 As for you, lift up your staff, stretch out your hand over the sea, and divide it so that the Israelites can go through the sea on dry ground.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 14:16 \ft \+xt Ex 4:17; Nm 20:8–9; Is 10:26\+xt*\f*
\v 17 As for me, I am going to harden the hearts of the Egyptians so that they will go in after them, and I will receive glory by means of Pharaoh, all his army, and his chariots and horsemen.
\v 18 The Egyptians will know that I am the \nd Lord\nd* when I receive glory through Pharaoh, his chariots, and his horsemen.”
\p
\v 19 Then the angel of God,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 14:19 \ft \+xt Ex 23:20,23; 32:34; 33:2\+xt*\f* who was going in front of the Israelite forces, moved and went behind them. The pillar of cloud moved from in front of them and stood behind them.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 14:19 \ft \+xt Ex 13:21; Is 63:9\+xt*\f*
\v 20 It came between the Egyptian and Israelite forces. There was cloud and darkness, it lit up the night, and neither group came near the other all night long.
\p
\v 21 Then Moses stretched out his hand over the sea. The \nd Lord\nd* drove the sea back with a powerful east wind all that night and turned the sea into dry land. So the waters were divided,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 14:21 \ft \+xt Ex 15:8; Jos 3:16; Neh 9:11; Ps 74:13; 114:3,5; Is 63:12–13\+xt*\f*
\v 22 and the Israelites went through the sea on dry ground, with the waters like a wall to them on their right and their left.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 14:22 \ft \+xt Ex 15:19; Ps 66:6; Is 63:13; Hab 3:10; 1Co 10:1; Heb 11:29\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 23 The Egyptians set out in pursuit~#—~#all Pharaoh’s horses, his chariots, and his horsemen~#—~#and went into the sea after them.
\v 24 During the morning watch, the \nd Lord\nd* looked down at the Egyptian forces from the pillar of fire~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 14:24 \ft \+xt Ex 13:21; Nm 14:14; Neh 9:12\+xt*\f* and cloud, and threw the Egyptian forces into confusion.
\v 25 He caused their chariot wheels to swerve~\f + \cat (I)\cat* \fr 14:25 \ft Sam, LXX, Syr read \fqa He bound their chariot wheels\f*\sup ,\sup*\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 14:25 \ft Or \fqa fall off\f* and made them drive~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 14:25 \ft Or \fqa and they drove them\f* with difficulty. “Let’s get away from Israel,” the Egyptians said, “because the \nd Lord\nd* is fighting for them against Egypt!~”
\p
\v 26 Then the \nd Lord\nd* said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand over the sea so that the water may come back on the Egyptians, on their chariots and horsemen.”
\v 27 So Moses stretched out his hand over the sea, and at daybreak the sea returned to its normal depth. While the Egyptians were trying to escape from it, the \nd Lord\nd* threw them into the sea.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 14:27 \ft \+xt Ex 5:1,7; Jos 4:18; Ps 78:53; Heb 11:29\+xt*\f*
\v 28 The water came back and covered the chariots~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 14:28 \ft \+xt Ps 106:11; Heb 3:8,13\+xt*\f* and horsemen, plus the entire army of Pharaoh that had gone after them into the sea. Not even one of them survived.
\p
\v 29 But the Israelites had walked through the sea on dry ground, with the waters like a wall to them on their right and their left.
\v 30 That day the \nd Lord\nd* saved Israel from the power of the Egyptians, and Israel saw the Egyptians dead on the seashore.
\v 31 When Israel saw the great power that the \nd Lord\nd* used against the Egyptians, the people feared the \nd Lord\nd* and believed~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 14:31 \ft \+xt Ps 106:12; Jn 2:11\+xt*\f* in him and in his servant Moses.
\c 15
\s1 Israel’s Song
\m
\v 1 Then Moses and the Israelites sang this song to the \nd Lord\nd*. They said:
\q I will sing to~the~\nd Lord\nd*,
\q for he is highly~exalted;
\q he has thrown the~horse
\q and its rider into~the~sea.
\q1
\v 2 The \nd Lord\nd* is my~strength and~my~song;~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 15:2 \ft Or \fqa might\f*
\q he has become my~salvation.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 15:2 \ft \+xt Ps 18:2; 59:17; Is 12:2; Hab 3:18\+xt*\f*
\q This is my God, and~I~will~praise him,
\q my father’s God, and~I~will~exalt him.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 15:2 \ft \+xt Gn 28:21; Ex 3:6,15,18; Is 25:1\+xt*\f*
\q1
\v 3 The \nd Lord\nd* is a~warrior;~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 15:3 \ft \+xt Ps 24:8; Rv 19:11\+xt*\f*
\q the \nd Lord\nd* is his~name.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 15:3 \ft \+xt Ex 6:3; Ps 83:18\+xt*\f*
\b
\q1
\v 4 He threw Pharaoh’s~chariots
\q and his army into~the~sea;
\q the elite of~his~officers
\q were drowned in~the~Red~Sea.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 15:4 \ft \+xt Ex 13:18; 15:22; 23:31\+xt*\f*
\q1
\v 5 The floods covered them;
\q they sank to~the~depths like~a~stone.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 15:5 \ft \+xt Ex 14:28; 15:10; Neh 9:11\+xt*\f*
\q1
\v 6 \nd Lord\nd*, your right hand is~glorious in~power.
\q \nd Lord\nd*, your right hand shattered the~enemy.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 15:6 \ft \+xt Ps 118:15–16\+xt*\f*
\q1
\v 7 You overthrew your~adversaries
\q by your great majesty.
\q You unleashed your~burning~wrath;
\q it consumed them like~stubble.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 15:7 \ft \+xt Dt 33:26; Is 5:24\+xt*\f*
\q1
\v 8 The water heaped up~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 15:8 \ft \+xt Ex 14:21; Ps 78:13\+xt*\f* at~the~blast from~your~nostrils;
\q the currents stood firm like~a~dam.
\q The watery depths congealed in~the~heart of~the~sea.
\q1
\v 9 The enemy said:
\q “I will pursue, I~will~overtake,
\q I will divide the~spoil.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 15:9 \ft \+xt Ex 14:9; Jdg 5:30; Is 53:12\+xt*\f*
\q My desire will be gratified at~their~expense.
\q I will draw my~sword;
\q my hand will destroy~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 15:9 \ft Or \fqa conquer\f*~them.”
\q1
\v 10 But you blew with~your~breath,
\q and the sea covered them.
\q They sank like~lead
\q in the mighty waters.
\b
\q1
\v 11 \nd Lord\nd*, who is like~you among~the~gods?
\q Who is like you, glorious in~holiness,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 15:11 \ft \+xt Dt 3:24; 1Kg 8:23\+xt*\f*
\q revered with praises, performing~wonders?~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 15:11 \ft \+xt Ps 77:14; Is 6:3; Rv 4:8\+xt*\f*
\q1
\v 12 You stretched out your~right~hand,
\q and the earth swallowed~them.
\q1
\v 13 With your faithful love,
\q you will lead the people
\q you have redeemed;
\q you will guide them to~your~holy~dwelling
\q with your strength.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 15:13 \ft \+xt Ps 77:15,20; 78:54\+xt*\f*
\b
\q1
\v 14 When the peoples hear, they~will~shudder;
\q anguish will seize the~inhabitants of~Philistia.
\q1
\v 15 Then the chiefs of~Edom will~be terrified;~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 15:15 \ft \+xt Gn 36:15,40; Nm 22:3; Dt 2:4; Jos 5:1\+xt*\f*
\q trembling will seize the~leaders of~Moab;
\q all the inhabitants of~Canaan will~panic;
\q1
\v 16 terror~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 15:16 \ft \+xt Ex 23:27; Jos 2:9\+xt*\f* and dread will~fall on~them.
\q They will be as~still~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 15:16 \ft Or \fqa silent\f* as~a~stone
\q because of your~powerful~arm
\q until your people pass~by, \nd Lord\nd*,
\q until the people whom~you~purchased~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 15:16 \ft Or \fqa created\f* pass~by.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 15:16 \ft \+xt 1Sm 25:37; Ps 74:2; 1Pt 2:9\+xt*\f*
\b
\q1
\v 17 You will bring~them~in and~plant them
\q on the mountain of~your~possession;~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 15:17 \ft \+xt Ps 44:2; 78:54\+xt*\f*
\q \nd Lord\nd*, you have prepared the~place
\q for your dwelling;
\q Lord,~\f + \cat (I)\cat* \fr 15:17 \ft Some Hb mss, DSS, Sam, Tg read \fqa \+nd Lord\+nd*\f* your hands have~established the~sanctuary.
\q1
\v 18 The \nd Lord\nd* will~reign~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 15:18 \ft \+xt Ps 10:16; 29:10; Is 57:15\+xt*\f* forever and~ever!
\b
\p
\v 19 When Pharaoh’s horses with his chariots and horsemen went into the sea, the \nd Lord\nd* brought the water of the sea back over them. But the Israelites walked through the sea on dry ground.
\v 20 Then the prophetess Miriam,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 15:20 \ft \+xt Nm 26:59; Jdg 4:4\+xt*\f* Aaron’s sister, took a tambourine in her hand, and all the women came out following her with tambourines and dancing.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 15:20 \ft \+xt Jdg 11:34; 1Sm 18:6; Ps 150:4\+xt*\f*
\v 21 Miriam sang to them:
\q Sing to~the~\nd Lord\nd*,
\q for he is highly~exalted;
\q he has thrown the~horse
\q and its rider into~the~sea.
\s1 Water Provided
\m
\v 22 Then Moses led Israel on from the Red Sea, and they went out to the Wilderness of Shur. They journeyed for three days in the wilderness without finding water.
\v 23 They came to Marah, but they could not drink the water at Marah because it was bitter~#—~#that is why it was named Marah.~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 15:23 \ft = Bitter or Bitterness\f*
\v 24 The people grumbled to Moses, “What are we going to drink?~”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 15:23–24 \ft \+xt Ex 16:2; Nm 33:8\+xt*\f*
\v 25 So he cried out to the \nd Lord\nd*, and the \nd Lord\nd* showed him a tree. When he threw it into the water, the water became drinkable.
\p The \nd Lord\nd* made a statute and ordinance for them at Marah, and he tested them there.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 15:25 \ft \+xt Ex 14:10; Dt 8:2,16; Jdg 2:22; 3:1,4; 2Kg 2:21; Ps 66:10\+xt*\f*
\v 26 He said, “If you will carefully obey the \nd Lord\nd* your God, do what is right in his sight, pay attention to his commands, and keep all his statutes, I will not inflict any illnesses on you that I inflicted on the Egyptians. For I am the \nd Lord\nd* who heals you.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 15:26 \ft \+xt Ex 23:25; Dt 7:12,15; 28:27,60; Ps 103:3\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 27 Then they came to Elim, where there were twelve springs and seventy date palms, and they camped there by the water.
\c 16
\s1 Manna and Quail Provided
\m
\v 1 The entire Israelite community departed from Elim and came to the Wilderness of Sin, which is between Elim and Sinai, on the fifteenth day of the second month after they had left the land of Egypt.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 16:1 \ft \+xt Nm 33:10–11\+xt*\f*
\v 2 The entire Israelite community grumbled~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 16:2 \ft \+xt Ex 15:24; 1Co 10:10\+xt*\f* against Moses and Aaron in the wilderness.
\v 3 The Israelites said to them, “If only we had died by the \nd Lord\nd*’s hand in the land of Egypt, when we sat by pots of meat and ate all the bread we wanted. Instead, you brought us into this wilderness to make this whole assembly die of hunger!~”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 16:3 \ft \+xt Nm 11:4–5; Lm 4:9\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 4 Then the \nd Lord\nd* said to Moses, “I am going to rain bread from heaven for you. The people are to go out each day and gather enough for that day. This way I will test them to see whether or not they will follow my instructions.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 16:4 \ft \+xt Dt 8:2; Jn 6:31\+xt*\f*
\v 5 On the sixth day, when they prepare what they bring in, it will be twice as much as they gather on other days.”~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 16:5 \ft Lit \fqa as gathering day to day\f*
\p
\v 6 So Moses and Aaron said to all the Israelites, “This evening you will know that it was the \nd Lord\nd* who brought you out of the land of Egypt,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 16:6 \ft \+xt Ex 6:7; Nm 16:28–30\+xt*\f*
\v 7 and in the morning you will see the \nd Lord\nd*’s glory because he has heard your complaints about him. For who are we that you complain about us?~”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 16:7 \ft \+xt Nm 14:27; 16:11; Is 35:2; 40:5\+xt*\f*
\v 8 Moses continued, “The \nd Lord\nd* will give you meat to eat this evening and all the bread you want in the morning, for he has heard the complaints that you are raising against him. Who are we? Your complaints are not against us but against the \nd Lord\nd*.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 16:8 \ft \+xt 1Sm 8:7; Lk 10:16; Rm 13:2\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 9 Then Moses told Aaron, “Say to the entire Israelite community, ‘Come before the \nd Lord\nd*, for he has heard your complaints.’~”
\v 10 As Aaron was speaking to the entire Israelite community, they turned toward the wilderness, and there in a cloud the \nd Lord\nd*’s glory appeared.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 16:10 \ft \+xt Ex 13:21–22; Nm 16:19; 1Kg 8:10\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 11 The \nd Lord\nd* spoke to Moses,
\v 12 “I have heard the complaints of the Israelites. Tell them: At twilight you will eat meat, and in the morning you will eat bread until you are full. Then you will know that I am the \nd Lord\nd* your God.”
\p
\v 13 So at evening quail~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 16:13 \ft \+xt Nm 11:9,31; Ps 78:27–28; 105:40\+xt*\f* came and covered the camp. In the morning there was a layer of dew all around the camp.
\v 14 When the layer of dew evaporated, there were fine flakes on the desert surface, as fine as frost on the ground.
\v 15 When the Israelites saw it, they asked one another, “What is it?~” because they didn’t know what it was.
\p Moses told them, “It is the bread the \nd Lord\nd* has given you to eat.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 16:15 \ft \+xt Ex 16:4; Jn 6:31\+xt*\f*
\v 16 This is what the \nd Lord\nd* has commanded: ‘Gather as much of it as each person needs to eat. You may take two quarts~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 16:16 \ft Lit \fqa an omer\f* per individual, according to the number of people each of you has in his tent.’~”
\p
\v 17 So the Israelites did this. Some gathered a lot, some a little.
\v 18 When they measured it by quarts,~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 16:18 \ft Lit \fqa by an omer\f* the person who gathered a lot had no surplus, and the person who gathered a little had no shortage. Each gathered as much as he needed to eat.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 16:18 \ft \+xt 2Co 8:15\+xt*\f*
\v 19 Moses said to them, “No one is to let any of it remain until morning.”
\v 20 But they didn’t listen to Moses; some people left part of it until morning, and it bred worms and stank. Therefore Moses was angry with them.
\p
\v 21 They gathered it every morning. Each gathered as much as he needed to eat, but when the sun grew hot, it melted.
\v 22 On the sixth day they gathered twice as much food, four quarts~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 16:22 \ft Lit \fqa two omers\f* apiece, and all the leaders of the community came and reported this to Moses.
\v 23 He told them, “This is what the \nd Lord\nd* has said: ‘Tomorrow is a day of complete rest, a holy Sabbath~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 16:23 \ft \+xt Gn 2:3; Ex 20:8; 31:15; 35:3; Lv 23:3\+xt*\f* to the \nd Lord\nd*. Bake what you want to bake, and boil what you want to boil, and set aside everything left over to be kept until morning.’~”
\p
\v 24 So they set it aside until morning as Moses commanded, and it didn’t stink or have maggots in it.
\v 25 “Eat it today,” Moses said, “because today is a Sabbath to the \nd Lord\nd*. Today you won’t find any in the field.
\v 26 For six days you will gather it, but on the seventh day, the Sabbath, there will be none.”
\p
\v 27 Yet on the seventh day some of the people went out to gather, but they did not find any.
\v 28 Then the \nd Lord\nd* said to Moses, “How long will you~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 16:28 \ft The Hb word for \fqa you \ft is pl, referring to the whole nation.\f* refuse to keep my commands~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 16:28 \ft \+xt 2Kg 17:14; Ps 78:10\+xt*\f* and instructions?
\v 29 Understand that the \nd Lord\nd* has given you the Sabbath; therefore on the sixth day he will give you two days’ worth of bread. Each of you stay where you are; no one is to leave his place on the seventh day.”
\v 30 So the people rested on the seventh day.
\p
\v 31 The house of Israel named the substance manna.~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 16:31 \ft = what?; Ex 16:15\f*\sup ,\sup*\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 16:31 \ft \+xt Ex 16:14; Nm 11:7; Dt 8:3\+xt*\f* It resembled coriander seed, was white, and tasted like wafers made with honey.
\v 32 Moses said, “This is what the \nd Lord\nd* has commanded: ‘Two quarts~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 16:32 \ft Lit \fqa ‘A full omer\f* of it are to be preserved throughout your generations, so that they may see the bread I fed you in the wilderness when I brought you out of the land of Egypt.’~”
\p
\v 33 Moses told Aaron, “Take a container and put two quarts~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 16:33 \ft Lit \fqa a full omer\f* of manna in it. Then place it before the \nd Lord\nd* to be preserved throughout your generations.”
\v 34 As the \nd Lord\nd* commanded Moses, Aaron placed it before the testimony~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 16:34 \ft \+xt Ex 25:16,21; 27:21; 40:20; Nm 17:10\+xt*\f* to be preserved.
\p
\v 35 The Israelites ate manna for forty years, until they came to an inhabited land. They ate manna until they reached the border of the land of Canaan.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 16:35 \ft \+xt Jos 5:12; Neh 9:20–21; Jn 6:31,49\+xt*\f*
\v 36 (They used a measure called an omer, which held two quarts.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 16:36 \ft Lit \fqa (The omer is a tenth of an ephah.)\f*)
\c 17
\s1 Water from the Rock
\m
\v 1 The entire Israelite community left the Wilderness of Sin, moving from one place to the next according to the \nd Lord\nd*’s command. They camped at Rephidim, but there was no water for the people to drink.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 17:1 \ft \+xt Ex 16:1; Nm 33:12,14\+xt*\f*
\v 2 So the people complained to Moses, “Give us water to drink.”
\p “Why are you complaining to me?~” Moses replied to them. “Why are you testing~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 17:2 \ft \+xt Nm 20:3; Dt 6:16; Ps 78:18,41; 1Co 10:9\+xt*\f* the \nd Lord\nd*?~”
\p
\v 3 But the people thirsted there for water and grumbled against Moses. They said, “Why did you ever bring us up from Egypt to kill us and our children and our livestock with thirst?~”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 17:3 \ft \+xt Ex 15:24; 16:2,7–8; Nm 14:2,27,29,36; 16:11\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 4 Then Moses cried out to the \nd Lord\nd*, “What should I do with these people? In a little while they will stone me!~”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 17:4 \ft \+xt Nm 14:10; 1Sm 30:6; Jn 8:59; 10:31\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 5 The \nd Lord\nd* answered Moses, “Go on ahead of the people and take some of the elders of Israel with you. Take the staff you struck the Nile with in your hand and go.
\v 6 I am going to stand there in front of you on the rock at Horeb; when you hit the rock, water~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 17:6 \ft \+xt Ex 20:10–11; Ps 114:8; 1Co 10:9\+xt*\f* will come out of it and the people will drink.” Moses did this in the sight of the elders of Israel.
\v 7 He named the place Massah~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 17:7 \ft = Testing\f* and Meribah~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 17:7 \ft = Quarreling\f*\sup ,\sup*\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 17:7 \ft \+xt Nm 20:13,24; Ps 81:7; 95:8\+xt*\f* because the Israelites complained, and because they tested the \nd Lord\nd*, saying, “Is the \nd Lord\nd* among us or not?~”
\s1 The Amalekites Attack
\m
\v 8 At Rephidim, Amalek~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 17:8 \ft A seminomadic people descended from \fqa Amalek\ft , a grandson of Esau; Gn 36:12\f*\sup ,\sup*\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 17:8 \ft \+xt Gn 36:12; Nm 13:29; 24:20; Dt 25:17; Jdg 3:13; 6:3; 10:12; 1Sm 14:48\+xt*\f* came and fought against Israel.
\v 9 Moses said to Joshua,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 17:9 \ft \+xt Ex 24:13; 32:17; 33:11; Ac 7:45\+xt*\f* “Select some men for us and go fight against Amalek. Tomorrow I will stand on the hilltop with God’s staff in my hand.”
\p
\v 10 Joshua did as Moses had told him, and fought against Amalek, while Moses, Aaron, and Hur went up to the top of the hill.
\v 11 While Moses held up his hand,~\f + \cat (I)\cat* \fr 17:11 \ft Sam, LXX, Syr, Tg, Vg read \fqa hands\f* Israel prevailed, but whenever he put his hand~\f + \cat (I)\cat* \fr 17:11 \ft Sam, LXX, Syr, Tg, Vg read \fqa hands\f* down, Amalek prevailed.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 17:11 \ft \+xt Ex 24:14; Jms 5:16\+xt*\f*
\v 12 When Moses’s hands grew heavy, they took a stone and put it under him, and he sat down on it. Then Aaron and Hur supported his hands, one on one side and one on the other so that his hands remained steady until the sun went down.
\v 13 So Joshua defeated Amalek and his army~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 17:13 \ft Or \fqa people\f* with the sword.
\p
\v 14 The \nd Lord\nd* then said to Moses, “Write this down on a scroll as a reminder and recite it to Joshua: I will completely blot out the memory of Amalek under heaven.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 17:14 \ft \+xt Ex 34:27; Dt 25:17–19; 1Sm 15:3\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 15 And Moses built an altar~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 17:15 \ft \+xt Ex 20:24–26; 24:4; Jdg 6:24\+xt*\f* and named it, “The \nd Lord\nd* Is My Banner.”~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 17:15 \ft = \fqa Yahweh-nissi\f*
\v 16 He said, “Indeed, my hand is lifted up toward~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 17:16 \ft Or \fqa hand was on\ft , or \fqa hand was against\ft ; Hb obscure\f* the \nd Lord\nd*’s throne. The \nd Lord\nd* will be at war with Amalek from generation to generation.”
\c 18
\s1 Jethro’s Visit
\m
\v 1 Moses’s father-in-law, Jethro, the priest of Midian,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 18:1 \ft \+xt Ex 2:16,18; 3:1\+xt*\f* heard about everything that God had done for Moses and for God’s people Israel when the \nd Lord\nd* brought Israel out of Egypt.
\p
\v 2 Now Jethro, Moses’s father-in-law, had taken in Zipporah,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 18:2 \ft \+xt Ex 2:21; 4:25\+xt*\f* Moses’s wife, after he had sent her back,
\v 3 along with her two sons, one of whom was named Gershom~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 18:3 \ft In Hb the name \fqa Gershom \ft sounds like the phrase “a stranger there.”\f* (because Moses had said, “I have been a resident alien in a foreign land”)~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 18:3 \ft \+xt Ex 2:22; 4:20; Ac 7:29\+xt*\f*
\v 4 and the other Eliezer (because he had said, “The God of my father was my helper and rescued me from Pharaoh’s sword”).~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 18:4 \ft = My God Is Help\f*
\p
\v 5 Moses’s father-in-law, Jethro, along with Moses’s wife and sons, came to him in the wilderness where he was camped at the mountain of God.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 18:4–5 \ft \+xt Ex 3:1; 1Ch 23:15\+xt*\f*
\v 6 He sent word to Moses, “I, your father-in-law Jethro, am coming to you with your wife and her two sons.”
\p
\v 7 So Moses went out to meet his father-in-law, bowed down,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 18:7 \ft \+xt Gn 29:13; Ex 18:2\+xt*\f* and then kissed him. They asked each other how they had been~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 18:7 \ft Lit \fqa other about well-being\f* and went into the tent.
\v 8 Moses recounted to his father-in-law all that the \nd Lord\nd* had done to Pharaoh and the Egyptians for Israel’s sake, all the hardships that confronted them on the way, and how the \nd Lord\nd* rescued them.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 18:8 \ft \+xt Ex 15:6,16; Ps 81:7\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 9 Jethro rejoiced over all the good things the \nd Lord\nd* had done for Israel when he rescued them from the power of the Egyptians.
\v 10 “Blessed be the \nd Lord\nd*,”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 18:10 \ft \+xt Gn 14:20; 2Sm 18:28\+xt*\f* Jethro exclaimed, “who rescued you from the power of Egypt and from the power of Pharaoh. He has rescued the people from under the power of Egypt!
\v 11 Now I know that the \nd Lord\nd* is greater than all gods, because he did wonders when the Egyptians acted arrogantly against Israel.”~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 18:11 \ft Hb obscure\f*\sup ,\sup*\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 18:11 \ft \+xt 2Ch 2:5; Lk 1:51\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 12 Then Jethro, Moses’s father-in-law, brought a burnt offering and sacrifices to God, and Aaron came with all the elders of Israel to eat a meal with Moses’s father-in-law in God’s presence.
\p
\v 13 The next day Moses sat down to judge the people, and they stood around Moses from morning until evening.
\v 14 When Moses’s father-in-law saw everything he was doing for them he asked, “What is this you’re doing for the people? Why are you alone sitting as judge, while all the people stand around you from morning until evening?~”
\p
\v 15 Moses replied to his father-in-law, “Because the people come to me to inquire of God.
\v 16 Whenever they have a dispute, it comes to me, and I make a decision between one man and another. I teach them God’s statutes and laws.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 18:15–16 \ft \+xt Ex 24:14; Lv 24:12; Nm 15:34; Dt 17:8\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 17 “What you’re doing is not good,” Moses’s father-in-law said to him.
\v 18 “You will certainly wear out both yourself and these people who are with you, because the task is too heavy for you. You can’t do it alone.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 18:18 \ft \+xt Ex 3:12; 4:16; Nm 27:5\+xt*\f*
\v 19 Now listen to me; I will give you some advice, and God be with you. You be the one to represent the people before God and bring their cases to him.
\v 20 Instruct them about the statutes and laws, and teach them the way to live and what they must do.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 18:20 \ft \+xt Dt 1:18; 5:1; Ps 143:8\+xt*\f*
\v 21 But you should select from all the people able men, God-fearing, trustworthy, and hating dishonest profit.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 18:21 \ft \+xt Ex 18:8; Dt 16:19; Ac 6:3\+xt*\f* Place them over the people as commanders of thousands, hundreds, fifties, and tens.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 18:21 \ft \+xt Dt 1:15; 2Ch 19:5–10\+xt*\f*
\v 22 They should judge the people at all times. Then they can bring you every major case but judge every minor case themselves. In this way you will lighten your load,~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 18:22 \ft Lit \fqa lighten from on you\f* and they will bear it with you.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 18:22 \ft \+xt Lv 24:11; Nm 11:17; Dt 1:17\+xt*\f*
\v 23 If you do this, and God so directs you, you will be able to endure, and also all these people will be able to go home satisfied.”~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 18:23 \ft Lit \fqa go to their place in peace\f*
\p
\v 24 Moses listened to his father-in-law and did everything he said.
\v 25 So Moses chose able men from all Israel and made them leaders over the people as commanders of thousands, hundreds, fifties, and tens.
\v 26 They judged the people at all times; they would bring the hard cases to Moses, but they would judge every minor case themselves.
\p
\v 27 Moses let his father-in-law go, and he journeyed to his own land.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 18:25–27 \ft \+xt Ex 18:22; Nm 10:29–30; Dt 1:15\+xt*\f*
\c 19
\s1 Israel at Sinai
\m
\v 1 In the third month from the very day the Israelites left the land of Egypt, they came to the Sinai Wilderness.
\v 2 They traveled from Rephidim, came to the Sinai Wilderness, and camped in the wilderness. Israel camped there in front of the mountain.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 19:2 \ft \+xt Ex 3:1; 17:1,8\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 3 Moses went up the mountain to God, and the \nd Lord\nd* called~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 19:3 \ft \+xt Ex 3:4; Ac 7:38\+xt*\f* to him from the mountain: “This is what you must say to the house of Jacob and explain to the Israelites:
\v 4 ‘You have seen what I did to the Egyptians and how I carried you on eagles’ wings and brought you to myself.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 19:4 \ft \+xt Dt 29:2; Is 63:9\+xt*\f*
\v 5 Now if you will carefully listen to me and keep my covenant,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 19:5 \ft \+xt Ex 15:26; Dt 5:2\+xt*\f* you will be my own possession~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 19:5 \ft \+xt Dt 7:6; 14:2; 26:18; Ps 135:4; Ti 2:14\+xt*\f* out of all the peoples, although the whole earth is mine,
\v 6 and you will be my kingdom of priests and my holy nation.’~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 19:6 \ft \+xt Dt 26:19; Is 62:12; 1Pt 2:5,9\+xt*\f* These are the words that you are to say to the Israelites.”
\p
\v 7 After Moses came back, he summoned the elders of the people and set before them all these words that the \nd Lord\nd* had commanded him.
\v 8 Then all the people responded together, “We will do all that the \nd Lord\nd* has spoken.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 19:8 \ft \+xt Ex 24:3,7; Dt 5:27\+xt*\f* So Moses brought the people’s words back to the \nd Lord\nd*.
\p
\v 9 The \nd Lord\nd* said to Moses, “I am going to come to you in a dense cloud,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 19:9 \ft \+xt Ex 24:15–16; Mt 17:5\+xt*\f* so that the people will hear when I speak~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 19:9 \ft \+xt Dt 4:12,36; Jn 12:29\+xt*\f* with you and will always believe you.” Moses reported the people’s words to the \nd Lord\nd*,
\v 10 and the \nd Lord\nd* told Moses, “Go to the people and consecrate them today and tomorrow. They must wash their clothes~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 19:10 \ft \+xt Gn 35:2; Lv 11:44–45; Heb 10:22\+xt*\f*
\v 11 and be prepared by the third day, for on the third day the \nd Lord\nd* will come down on Mount Sinai in the sight of all the people.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 19:11 \ft \+xt Ex 19:16; 34:5\+xt*\f*
\v 12 Put boundaries for the people all around the mountain and say: Be careful that you don’t go up on the mountain or touch its base. Anyone who touches the mountain must be put to death.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 19:12 \ft \+xt Heb 12:20\+xt*\f*
\v 13 No hand may touch him;~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 19:13 \ft Or \fqa it\f* instead he will be stoned or shot with arrows and not live, whether animal or human. When the ram’s horn sounds a long blast, they may go up the mountain.”
\p
\v 14 Then Moses came down from the mountain to the people and consecrated them, and they washed their clothes.
\v 15 He said to the people, “Be prepared by the third day. Do not have sexual relations with women.”
\p
\v 16 On the third day, when morning came, there was thunder and lightning, a thick cloud on the mountain, and a very loud blast from a ram’s horn, so that all the people in the camp shuddered.
\v 17 Then Moses brought the people out of the camp to meet God, and they stood at the foot of the mountain.
\v 18 Mount Sinai was completely enveloped in smoke because the \nd Lord\nd* came down on it in fire.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 19:18 \ft \+xt Ex 3:2; 24:17; Dt 4:11; 2Ch 7:1\+xt*\f* Its smoke went up like the smoke of a furnace,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 19:18 \ft \+xt Ps 144:5; Rv 15:8\+xt*\f* and the whole mountain shook violently.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 19:18 \ft \+xt Jdg 5:5; Ps 68:7; Jr 4:24; Heb 12:26\+xt*\f*
\v 19 As the sound of the ram’s horn grew louder and louder, Moses spoke and God answered him in the thunder.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 19:19 \ft \+xt Neh 9:13; Ps 81:7\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 20 The \nd Lord\nd* came down on Mount Sinai at the top of the mountain. Then the \nd Lord\nd* summoned Moses to the top of the mountain, and he went up.
\v 21 The \nd Lord\nd* directed Moses, “Go down and warn the people not to break through to see the \nd Lord\nd*; otherwise many of them will die.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 19:21 \ft \+xt Ex 3:5; 1Sm 6:19\+xt*\f*
\v 22 Even the priests who come near the \nd Lord\nd* must consecrate themselves, or the \nd Lord\nd* will break out in anger against them.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 19:22 \ft \+xt Lv 10:3; 2Sm 6:7–8\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 23 Moses responded to the \nd Lord\nd*, “The people cannot come up Mount Sinai, since you warned us: Put a boundary around the mountain and consecrate it.”
\v 24 And the \nd Lord\nd* replied to him, “Go down and come back with Aaron. But the priests and the people must not break through to come up to the \nd Lord\nd*, or he will break out in anger against them.”
\v 25 So Moses went down to the people and told them.
\c 20
\s1 The Ten Commandments
\m
\v 1 Then God spoke all these words:
\li2
\v 2 I am the \nd Lord\nd* your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the place of slavery.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 20:2 \ft \+xt Ex 13:3; Hs 13:4\+xt*\f*
\li2
\v 3 Do not have other gods besides me.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 20:3 \ft \+xt Dt 6:14; Jr 35:15\+xt*\f*
\li2
\v 4 Do not make an idol~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 20:4 \ft \+xt Lv 26:1; Dt 27:15\+xt*\f* for yourself, whether in the shape of anything in the heavens above or on the earth below or in the waters under the earth.
\v 5 Do not bow in worship to them, and do not serve them; for I, the \nd Lord\nd* your God, am a jealous God,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 20:5 \ft \+xt Ex 34:14; Dt 4:24; Is 44:15,19\+xt*\f* bringing the consequences of the fathers’ iniquity on the children to the third and fourth generations~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 20:5 \ft \+xt Nm 14:18; Ps 79:8; Jr 32:18\+xt*\f* of those who hate me,
\v 6 but showing faithful love to a thousand generations of those who love me and keep my commands.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 20:6 \ft \+xt Dt 7:9\+xt*\f*
\li2
\v 7 Do not misuse the name of the \nd Lord\nd* your God, because the \nd Lord\nd* will not leave anyone unpunished who misuses his name.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 20:7 \ft \+xt Lv 19:12; Mt 5:33\+xt*\f*
\li2
\v 8 Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy:~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 20:8 \ft \+xt Ex 31:13–16; Lv 26:2\+xt*\f*
\v 9 You are to labor six days and do all your work,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 20:9 \ft \+xt Ex 34:21; Lk 13:14\+xt*\f*
\v 10 but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the \nd Lord\nd* your God. You must not do any work~#—~#you, your son or daughter, your male or female servant, your livestock, or the resident alien who is within your city gates.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 20:10 \ft \+xt Gn 2:2–3; Neh 13:16–19\+xt*\f*
\v 11 For the \nd Lord\nd* made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and everything in them in six days; then he rested on the seventh day. Therefore the \nd Lord\nd* blessed the Sabbath day and declared it holy.
\li2
\v 12 Honor your father and your mother~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 20:12 \ft \+xt Lv 19:3; Mt 15:4; Mk 7:10; Lk 18:20; Eph 6:2\+xt*\f* so that you may have a long life in the land that the \nd Lord\nd* your God is giving you.
\li2
\v 13 Do not murder.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 20:13 \ft \+xt Mt 5:21; Rm 13:9\+xt*\f*
\li2
\v 14 Do not commit adultery.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 20:14 \ft \+xt Dt 5:18; Mt 5:27\+xt*\f*
\li2
\v 15 Do not steal.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 20:15 \ft \+xt Lv 19:11; Mt 19:18\+xt*\f*
\li2
\v 16 Do not give false testimony against your neighbor.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 20:16 \ft \+xt Ex 23:1\+xt*\f*
\li2
\v 17 Do not covet your neighbor’s house. Do not covet your neighbor’s wife, his male or female servant, his ox or donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 20:17 \ft \+xt Dt 5:21; Mt 5:28; Lk 12:15; Rm 7:7; 13:9; Eph 5:3,5; Heb 13:5\+xt*\f*
\s1 The People’s Reaction
\m
\v 18 All the people witnessed~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 20:18 \ft Lit \fqa saw\f* the thunder and lightning, the sound of the ram’s horn, and the mountain surrounded by smoke. When the people saw it~\f + \cat (I)\cat* \fr 20:18 \ft Sam, LXX, Syr, Tg, Vg read \fqa smoke. The people \ft (or \fqa they\ft ) \fqa were afraid,\f* they trembled and stood at a distance.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 20:18 \ft \+xt Ex 19:18; Heb 12:18\+xt*\f*
\v 19 “You speak to us, and we will listen,” they said to Moses, “but don’t let God speak to us, or we will die.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 20:19 \ft \+xt Dt 5:25,27; Gl 3:19\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 20 Moses responded to the people, “Don’t be afraid, for God has come to test you, so that you will fear him and will not~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 20:20 \ft Lit \fqa that the fear of him may be in you, and you do not\f* sin.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 20:20 \ft \+xt Dt 13:3; Pr 16:6; Is 8:13\+xt*\f*
\v 21 And the people remained standing at a distance as Moses approached the total darkness where God was.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 20:21 \ft \+xt Ex 19:16; Dt 5:22\+xt*\f*
\s1 Moses Receives Additional Laws
\m
\v 22 Then the \nd Lord\nd* told Moses, “This is what you are to say to the Israelites: You have seen that I have spoken to you from heaven.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 20:22 \ft \+xt Dt 4:36; Neh 9:13\+xt*\f*
\v 23 Do not make gods of silver to rival me; do not make gods of gold for yourselves.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 20:23 \ft \+xt Ex 20:3; 32:4\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 24 “Make an earthen altar for me, and sacrifice on it your burnt offerings and fellowship offerings, your flocks and herds. I will come to you and bless you in every place where I cause my name to be remembered.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 20:24 \ft \+xt Gn 12:2; Dt 12:5; 16:6,11; 1Kg 9:3; 2Ch 6:6\+xt*\f*
\v 25 If you make a stone altar for me, do not build it out of cut stones. If you use your chisel on it, you will defile it.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 20:25 \ft \+xt Dt 27:5–6; Jos 8:31\+xt*\f*
\v 26 Do not go up to my altar on steps, so that your nakedness is not exposed on it.
\c 21
\m
\v 1 “These are the ordinances that you are to set before them:
\s1 Laws about Slaves
\m
\v 2 “When you buy a Hebrew slave, he is to serve for six years; then in the seventh he is to leave as a free man~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 21:2 \ft Lit \fqa to go forth\f* without paying anything.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 21:2 \ft \+xt Dt 4:14; Jr 34:14\+xt*\f*
\v 3 If he arrives alone, he is to leave alone; if he arrives with~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 21:3 \ft Lit \fqa he is the husband of\f* a wife, his wife is to leave with him.
\v 4 If his master gives him a wife and she bears him sons or daughters, the wife and her children belong to her master, and the man must leave alone.
\p
\v 5 “But if the slave declares, ‘I love my master, my wife, and my children; I do not want to leave as a free man,’~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 21:5 \ft \+xt Dt 15:16–17\+xt*\f*
\v 6 his master is to bring him to the judges~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 21:6 \ft Or \fqa to God\ft ; that is, to his sanctuary or court\f* and then bring him to the door or doorpost. His master will pierce his ear with an awl, and he will serve his master for life.
\p
\v 7 “When a man sells his daughter as a concubine,~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 21:7 \ft Or \fqa servant\f* she is not to leave as the male slaves do.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 21:7 \ft \+xt Neh 5:5\+xt*\f*
\v 8 If she is displeasing to her master, who chose her for himself, then he must let her be redeemed. He has no right to sell her to foreigners because he has acted treacherously toward her.
\v 9 Or if he chooses her for his son, he must deal with her according to the customary treatment of daughters.
\v 10 If he takes an additional wife, he must not reduce the food, clothing, or marital rights of the first wife.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 21:10 \ft \+xt 1Co 7:5\+xt*\f*
\v 11 And if he does not do these three things for her, she may leave free of charge, without any payment.~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 21:11 \ft She doesn’t have to pay any redemption price.\f*
\s1 Laws about Personal Injury
\m
\v 12 “Whoever strikes a person so that he dies must be put to death.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 21:12 \ft \+xt Gn 9:6; Mt 26:52\+xt*\f*
\v 13 But if he did not intend any harm,~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 21:13 \ft Lit \fqa he was not lying in wait\f* and yet God allowed it to happen, I will appoint a place for you where he may flee.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 21:13 \ft \+xt Nm 35:11,22–25; Dt 19:2–5; Jos 20:2–9; 1Sm 24:4,10,18\+xt*\f*
\v 14 If a person schemes and willfully~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 21:14 \ft Or \fqa maliciously\f* acts against his neighbor to murder him, you must take him from my altar to be put to death.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 21:14 \ft \+xt Dt 19:11–12; 1Kg 2:28–34\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 15 “Whoever strikes his father or his mother must be put to death.
\p
\v 16 “Whoever kidnaps a person must be put to death, whether he sells him or the person is found in his possession.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 21:16 \ft \+xt Gn 37:28; Ex 22:4; Dt 24:7\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 17 “Whoever curses his father or his mother must be put to death.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 21:17 \ft \+xt Lv 20:9; Mt 15:4; Mk 7:10\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 18 “When men quarrel and one strikes the other with a stone or his fist, and the injured man does not die but is confined to bed,
\v 19 if he can later get up and walk around outside leaning on his staff, then the one who struck him will be exempt from punishment. Nevertheless, he must pay for his lost work time~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 21:19 \ft Lit \fqa his inactivity\f* and provide for his complete recovery.
\p
\v 20 “When a man strikes his male or female slave with a rod, and the slave dies under his abuse,~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 21:20 \ft Lit \fqa hand\f* the owner must be punished.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 21:20 \ft Or \fqa must suffer vengeance\f*
\v 21 However, if the slave can stand up after a day or two, the owner should not be punished~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 21:21 \ft Or \fqa not suffer vengeance\f* because he is his owner’s property.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 21:21 \ft Lit \fqa silver\f*\sup ,\sup*\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 21:21 \ft \+xt Lv 25:44–46\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 22 “When men get in a fight and hit a pregnant woman so that her children are born prematurely but there is no injury, the one who hit her must be fined as the woman’s husband demands~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 21:22 \ft \+xt Ex 21:30; Dt 22:18–19\+xt*\f* from him, and he must pay according to judicial assessment.
\v 23 If there is an injury, then you must give life for life,
\v 24 eye for eye, tooth for tooth,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 21:24 \ft \+xt Lv 24:20; Dt 19:21; Mt 5:38\+xt*\f* hand for hand, foot for foot,
\v 25 burn for burn, bruise for bruise, wound for wound.
\p
\v 26 “When a man strikes the eye of his male or female slave and destroys it, he must let the slave go free in compensation for his eye.
\v 27 If he knocks out the tooth of his male or female slave, he must let the slave go free in compensation for his tooth.
\p
\v 28 “When an ox~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 21:28 \ft Or \fqa a bull\ft , or \fqa a steer\f* gores a man or a woman to death, the ox must be stoned,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 21:28 \ft \+xt Gn 9:5\+xt*\f* and its meat may not be eaten, but the ox’s owner is innocent.
\v 29 However, if the ox was in the habit of goring, and its owner has been warned yet does not restrain it, and it kills a man or a woman, the ox must be stoned, and its owner must also be put to death.
\v 30 If instead a ransom~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 21:30 \ft \+xt Nm 35:31\+xt*\f* is demanded of him, he can pay a redemption price for his life in the full amount demanded from him.
\v 31 If it gores a son or a daughter, he is to be dealt with according to this same law.
\v 32 If the ox gores a male or female slave, he must give thirty shekels~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 21:32 \ft \+xt Zch 11:12; Mt 26:15; 27:3,9\+xt*\f* of silver~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 21:32 \ft About one pound of silver\f* to the slave’s master, and the ox must be stoned.
\p
\v 33 “When a man uncovers a pit or digs a pit, and does not cover it, and an ox or a donkey falls into it,
\v 34 the owner of the pit must give compensation; he must pay to its owner, but the dead animal will become his.
\p
\v 35 “When a man’s ox injures his neighbor’s ox and it dies, they must sell the live ox and divide its proceeds; they must also divide the dead animal.
\v 36 If, however, it is known that the ox was in the habit of goring, yet its owner has not restrained it, he must compensate fully, ox for ox; the dead animal will become his.
\c 22
\s1 Laws about Theft
\m
\v 1 “When a man steals an ox or a sheep and butchers it or sells it, he must repay~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 22:1 \ft \+xt 2Sm 12:6; Pr 6:31; Lk 19:8\+xt*\f* five cattle for the ox or four sheep for the sheep.
\v 2 If a thief is caught in the act of breaking in, and he is beaten to death, no one is guilty of bloodshed.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 22:2 \ft \+xt Nm 35:27; Mt 24:43\+xt*\f*
\v 3 But if this happens after sunrise, the householder is guilty of bloodshed. A thief must make full restitution. If he is unable, he is to be sold because of his theft.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 22:3 \ft \+xt Ex 21:2,16\+xt*\f*
\v 4 If what was stolen~#—~#whether ox, donkey, or sheep~#—~#is actually found alive in his possession, he must repay double.
\s1 Laws about Crop Protection
\m
\v 5 “When a man lets a field or vineyard be grazed in, and then allows his animals to go and graze in someone else’s field, he must repay~\f + \cat (I)\cat* \fr 22:5 \ft LXX adds \fqa from his field according to its produce. But if someone lets his animals graze an entire field, he must repay\ft ; DSS, Sam also support this reading.\f* with the best of his own field or vineyard.
\p
\v 6 “When a fire gets out of control, spreads to thornbushes, and consumes stacks of cut grain, standing grain, or a field, the one who started the fire must make full restitution for what was burned.
\s1 Laws about Personal Property
\m
\v 7 “When a man gives his neighbor valuables~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 22:7 \ft Lit \fqa silver\f* or goods to keep, but they are stolen from that person’s house, the thief, if caught, must repay double.
\v 8 If the thief is not caught, the owner of the house must present himself to the judges~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 22:8 \ft Or \fqa to God\f* to determine~\f + \cat (I)\cat* \fr 22:8 \ft LXX, Tg, Vg read \fqa swear\f* whether or not he has taken his neighbor’s property.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 22:8 \ft \+xt Dt 17:8–9\+xt*\f*
\v 9 In any case of wrongdoing involving an ox, a donkey, a sheep, a garment, or anything else lost, and someone claims, ‘That’s mine,’~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 22:9 \ft Lit \fqa That is it\f* the case between the two parties is to come before the judges.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 22:9 \ft Or \fqa before God\f* The one the judges condemn~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 22:9 \ft Or \fqa one whom God condemns\f* must repay double to his neighbor.
\p
\v 10 “When a man gives his neighbor a donkey, an ox, a sheep, or any other animal to care for, but it dies, is injured, or is stolen, while no one is watching,
\v 11 there must be an oath before the \nd Lord\nd* between the two of them to determine whether or not he has taken his neighbor’s property. Its owner must accept the oath, and the other man does not have to make restitution.
\v 12 But if, in fact, the animal was stolen from his custody, he must make restitution to its owner.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 22:11–12 \ft \+xt Gn 31:39; Heb 6:16\+xt*\f*
\v 13 If it was actually torn apart by a wild animal, he is to bring it as evidence; he does not have to make restitution for the torn carcass.
\p
\v 14 “When a man borrows an animal from his neighbor, and it is injured or dies while its owner is not there with it, the man must make full restitution.
\v 15 If its owner is there with it, the man does not have to make restitution. If it was rented, the loss is covered by~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 22:15 \ft Lit \fqa rented, it comes with\f* its rental price.
\s1 Laws about Seduction
\m
\v 16 “If a man seduces a virgin who is not engaged, and he sleeps with her, he must certainly pay the bridal price for her to be his wife.
\v 17 If her father absolutely refuses to give her to him, he must pay an amount in silver equal to the bridal price for virgins.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 22:16–17 \ft \+xt Gn 34:12; Dt 22:28–29\+xt*\f*
\s1 Capital Offenses
\m
\v 18 “Do not allow a sorceress~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 22:18 \ft \+xt Lv 20:27; Dt 18:11; 1Sm 28:3\+xt*\f* to live.
\p
\v 19 “Whoever has sexual intercourse with an animal~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 22:19 \ft \+xt Lv 18:23; 20:15; Dt 27:21\+xt*\f* must be put to death.
\p
\v 20 “Whoever sacrifices to any gods, except the \nd Lord\nd* alone, is to be set apart for destruction.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 22:20 \ft \+xt Dt 17:2–5\+xt*\f*
\s1 Laws Protecting the Vulnerable
\m
\v 21 “You must not exploit a resident alien~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 22:21 \ft \+xt Lv 19:33; Dt 10:19\+xt*\f* or oppress him, since you were resident aliens in the land of Egypt.
\p
\v 22 “You must not mistreat any widow or fatherless child.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 22:22 \ft \+xt Dt 24:17; Jms 1:27\+xt*\f*
\v 23 If you do mistreat them, they will no doubt cry to me, and I will certainly hear their cry.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 22:23 \ft \+xt Ps 18:6; Lk 18:7\+xt*\f*
\v 24 My anger will burn, and I will kill you with the sword; then your wives will be widows and your children fatherless.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 22:24 \ft \+xt Ps 69:4; 109:9\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 25 “If you lend silver to my people, to the poor person among you, you must not be like a creditor to him; you must not charge him interest.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 22:25 \ft \+xt Lv 25:36–37; Dt 23:20; Ps 15:5\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 26 “If you ever take your neighbor’s cloak as collateral, return it to him before sunset.
\v 27 For it is his only covering; it is the clothing for his body.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 22:27 \ft Lit \fqa skin\f* What will he sleep in? And if he cries out to me, I will listen because I am gracious.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 22:26–27 \ft \+xt Ex 34:6; Dt 24:6\+xt*\f*
\s1 Respect for God
\m
\v 28 “You must not blaspheme God~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 22:28 \ft Or \fqa judges\f* or curse a leader among your people.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 22:28 \ft \+xt Ec 10:20; Ac 23:5\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 29 “You must not hold back offerings~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 22:29 \ft \+xt Ex 13:2; 23:16\+xt*\f* from your harvest or your vats. Give me the firstborn of your sons.
\v 30 Do the same with your cattle and your flock. Let them stay with their mothers for seven days, but on the eighth day you are to give them to me.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 22:30 \ft \+xt Lv 22:27; Dt 15:19\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 31 “Be my holy people. You must not eat the meat of a mauled animal~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 22:31 \ft \+xt Ex 19:2; Ezk 4:14\+xt*\f* found in the field; throw it to the dogs.
\c 23
\s1 Laws about Honesty and Justice
\m
\v 1 “You must not spread a false report. Do not join~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 23:1 \ft Lit \fqa join hands with\f* the wicked to be a malicious witness.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 23:1 \ft \+xt Ps 35:11; 101:5; Ac 6:11\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 2 “You must not follow a crowd in wrongdoing. Do not testify in a lawsuit and go along with a crowd to pervert justice.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 23:2 \ft \+xt Dt 16:19; 24:17; 27:19\+xt*\f*
\v 3 Do not show favoritism to a poor person in his lawsuit.
\p
\v 4 “If you come across your enemy’s stray ox or donkey, you must return it to him.
\p
\v 5 “If you see the donkey of someone who hates you lying helpless under its load, and you want to refrain from helping it, you must help with it.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 23:5 \ft Or \fqa load, you must refrain from leaving it to him; you must set it free with him\f*\sup ,\sup*\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 23:5 \ft \+xt Dt 22:1,4; Rm 12:20\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 6 “You must not deny justice to a poor person among you in his lawsuit.
\v 7 Stay far away from a false accusation. Do not kill the innocent and the just, because I will not justify the guilty.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 23:6–7 \ft \+xt Ec 5:8; Eph 4:25\+xt*\f*
\v 8 You must not take a bribe,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 23:8 \ft \+xt Dt 10:17; 16:19; Pr 15:27\+xt*\f* for a bribe blinds the clear-sighted and corrupts the words~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 23:8 \ft Or \fqa and subverts the cause\f* of the righteous.
\v 9 You must not oppress a resident alien;~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 23:9 \ft \+xt Ex 22:21\+xt*\f* you yourselves know how it feels to be a resident alien because you were resident aliens in the land of Egypt.
\s1 Sabbaths and Festivals
\m
\v 10 “Sow your land for six years and gather its produce.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 23:10 \ft \+xt Lv 25:3–4\+xt*\f*
\v 11 But during the seventh year you are to let it rest and leave it uncultivated, so that the poor among your people may eat from it and the wild animals may consume what they leave. Do the same with your vineyard and your olive grove.
\p
\v 12 “Do your work~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 23:12 \ft \+xt Ex 20:9\+xt*\f* for six days but rest on the seventh day so that your ox and your donkey may rest, and the son of your female slave as well as the resident alien may be refreshed.
\p
\v 13 “Pay strict attention to everything I have said to you. You must not invoke the names of other gods; they must not be heard on your lips.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 23:13 \ft Lit \fqa mouth\f*\sup ,\sup*\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 23:13 \ft \+xt Dt 4:9; Jos 23:7; Hs 2:17; 1Tm 4:16\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 14 “Celebrate a festival in my honor three times a year.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 23:14 \ft \+xt Ex 34:23; Dt 16:16\+xt*\f*
\v 15 Observe the Festival of Unleavened Bread. As I commanded you, you are to eat unleavened bread for seven days at the appointed time in the month of Abib,~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 23:15 \ft March–April; called Nisan in the post-exilic period; Neh 2:1; Est 3:7\f* because you came out of Egypt in that month. No one is to appear before me empty-handed.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 23:15 \ft \+xt Ex 12:15; 34:20\+xt*\f*
\v 16 Also observe the Festival of Harvest~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 23:16 \ft The \fqa Festival of Harvest \ft is called Festival of Weeks elsewhere; Ex 34:22. In the NT it is called Pentecost; Ac 2:1.\f* with the firstfruits of your produce from what you sow in the field, and observe the Festival of Ingathering~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 23:16 \ft The \fqa Festival of Ingathering \ft is called Festival of Shelters elsewhere; Lv 23:34–36.\f*\sup ,\sup*\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 23:16 \ft \+xt Ex 34:22; Lv 23:39; Dt 16:13\+xt*\f* at the end of the year, when you gather your produce~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 23:16 \ft Lit \fqa labors\f* from the field.
\v 17 Three times a year all your males are to appear before the Lord \nd God\nd*.
\p
\v 18 “You must not offer the blood of my sacrifices with anything leavened. The fat of my festival offering must not remain until morning.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 23:18 \ft \+xt Ex 34:25; Dt 16:4\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 19 “Bring the best of the firstfruits of your land to the house of the \nd Lord\nd* your God.
\p “You must not boil a young goat in its mother’s milk.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 23:19 \ft \+xt Ex 22:29; 26:2,10; Dt 14:21\+xt*\f*
\s1 Promises and Warnings
\m
\v 20 “I am going to send an angel~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 23:20 \ft \+xt Ex 14:19; 15:16–17; 23:23; 32:34; 33:2\+xt*\f* before you to protect you on the way and bring you to the place I have prepared.
\v 21 Be attentive to him and listen to him. Do not defy him, because he will not forgive your acts of rebellion, for my name is in him.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 23:21 \ft \+xt Nm 14:11; Dt 18:19; Ps 78:40,56\+xt*\f*
\v 22 But if you will carefully obey him and do everything I say, then I will be an enemy~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 23:22 \ft \+xt Gn 12:3; Dt 30:7; Jr 30:20\+xt*\f* to your enemies and a foe to your foes.
\v 23 For my angel will go before you and bring you to the land of the Amorites, Hethites, Perizzites, Canaanites, Hivites, and Jebusites, and I will wipe them out.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 23:23 \ft \+xt Ex 23:20; Jos 24:8\+xt*\f*
\v 24 Do not bow in worship to their gods, and do not serve them. Do not imitate their practices. Instead, demolish them~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 23:24 \ft Probably the idols\f* and smash their sacred pillars to pieces.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 23:24 \ft \+xt Ex 20:5; 34:13; Nm 33:52; Dt 12:30\+xt*\f*
\v 25 Serve the \nd Lord\nd* your God, and he~\f + \cat (I)\cat* \fr 23:25 \ft LXX, Vg read \fqa I\f* will bless your bread and your water. I will remove illnesses from you.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 23:25 \ft \+xt Ex 15:26; Dt 6:13; 7:15; 28:5,8; Mt 4:10\+xt*\f*
\v 26 No woman will miscarry or be childless in your land. I will give you the full number of your days.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 23:26 \ft \+xt Dt 7:14; Jb 5:26; Mal 3:11\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 27 “I will cause the people ahead of you to feel terror~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 23:27 \ft Lit \fqa will send terror of me ahead of you\f* and will throw into confusion~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 23:27 \ft \+xt Dt 2:25; 7:23\+xt*\f* all the nations you come to. I will make all your enemies turn their backs to you in retreat.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 23:27 \ft Or \fqa I will give your enemies to you by the neck\f*
\v 28 I will send hornets~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 23:28 \ft Or \fqa send panic\f*\sup ,\sup*\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 23:28 \ft \+xt Dt 7:20; Jos 24:12\+xt*\f* in front of you, and they will drive the Hivites, Canaanites, and Hethites away from you.
\v 29 I will not drive them out ahead of you in a single year; otherwise, the land would become desolate, and wild animals would multiply against you.
\v 30 I will drive them out little by little ahead of you until you have become numerous~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 23:30 \ft Lit \fqa fruitful\f* and take possession of the land.
\v 31 I will set your borders from the Red Sea to the Mediterranean Sea,~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 23:31 \ft Lit \fqa the Sea of the Philistines\f* and from the wilderness to the Euphrates River.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 23:31 \ft Lit \fqa the River\f* For I will place the inhabitants of the land under your control, and you will drive them out ahead of you.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 23:31 \ft \+xt Gn 15:18; Dt 11:24; Jos 21:44; 1Kg 4:21\+xt*\f*
\v 32 You must not make a covenant~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 23:32 \ft \+xt Ex 34:12,15; Dt 7:2\+xt*\f* with them or their gods.
\v 33 They must not remain in your land, or else they will make you sin against me. If you serve their gods, it will be a snare for you.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 23:33 \ft \+xt Dt 7:16; Ps 106:36\+xt*\f*
\c 24
\s1 The Covenant Ceremony
\m
\v 1 Then he said to Moses, “Go up to the \nd Lord\nd*, you and Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu, and seventy of Israel’s elders,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 24:1 \ft \+xt Ex 6:23; Lv 10:1–2; Nm 11:16\+xt*\f* and bow in worship at a distance.
\v 2 Moses alone is to approach the \nd Lord\nd*, but the others are not to approach, and the people are not to go up with him.”
\p
\v 3 Moses came and told the people all the commands of the \nd Lord\nd* and all the ordinances. Then all the people responded with a single voice, “We will do everything that the \nd Lord\nd* has commanded.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 24:3 \ft \+xt Ex 19:8; Dt 5:27\+xt*\f*
\v 4 And Moses wrote~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 24:4 \ft \+xt Gn 28:18; Dt 31:9\+xt*\f* down all the words of the \nd Lord\nd*. He rose early the next morning and set up an altar and twelve pillars for the twelve tribes of Israel at the base of the mountain.
\v 5 Then he sent out young Israelite men, and they offered burnt offerings and sacrificed bulls as fellowship offerings to the \nd Lord\nd*.
\v 6 Moses took half the blood and set it in basins; the other half of the blood he splattered on the altar.
\v 7 He then took the covenant scroll and read it aloud to the people. They responded, “We will do and obey all that the \nd Lord\nd* has commanded.”
\p
\v 8 Moses took the blood, splattered it on the people, and said, “This is the blood of the covenant that the \nd Lord\nd* has made with you concerning all these words.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 24:6–8 \ft \+xt Heb 9:18–20; 1Pt 1:2\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 9 Then Moses went up with Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu, and seventy of Israel’s elders,
\v 10 and they saw~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 24:10 \ft \+xt Jn 1:18; 1Jn 4:12\+xt*\f* the God of Israel. Beneath his feet was something like a pavement made of lapis lazuli, as clear as the sky itself.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 24:10 \ft \+xt Ezk 1:26; Mt 17:2; Rv 4:3\+xt*\f*
\v 11 God did not harm~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 24:11 \ft Lit \fqa not stretch out his hand against\f* the Israelite nobles; they saw~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 24:11 \ft \+xt Gn 32:30; Ex 19:21\+xt*\f* him, and they ate and drank.
\p
\v 12 The \nd Lord\nd* said to Moses, “Come up to me on the mountain and stay there so that I may give you the stone tablets~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 24:12 \ft \+xt Ex 32:15; Dt 5:22\+xt*\f* with the law and commandments I have written for their instruction.”
\p
\v 13 So Moses arose with his assistant Joshua and went up the mountain of God.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 24:13 \ft \+xt Ex 3:1; 17:9\+xt*\f*
\v 14 He told the elders, “Wait here for us until we return to you. Aaron and Hur are here with you. Whoever has a dispute should go to them.”
\v 15 When Moses went up the mountain, the cloud~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 24:15 \ft \+xt Ex 19:9; Mt 17:5\+xt*\f* covered it.
\v 16 The glory of the \nd Lord\nd* settled on Mount Sinai, and the cloud covered it for six days. On the seventh day he called to Moses from the cloud.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 24:16 \ft \+xt Ex 16:10\+xt*\f*
\v 17 The appearance of the \nd Lord\nd*’s glory to the Israelites was like a consuming fire~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 24:17 \ft \+xt Ex 3:2; Dt 4:36; Heb 12:18,29\+xt*\f* on the mountaintop.
\v 18 Moses entered the cloud as he went up the mountain, and he remained on the mountain forty days and forty nights.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 24:18 \ft \+xt Ex 34:28; Dt 9:9\+xt*\f*
\c 25
\s1 Offerings to Build the Tabernacle
\m
\v 1 The \nd Lord\nd* spoke to Moses:
\v 2 “Tell the Israelites to take an offering for me. You are to take my offering from everyone who is willing to give.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 25:2 \ft \+xt Ex 35:5,21; 1Ch 29:5; Ezr 2:68; Neh 11:2; 2Co 8:12; 9:7\+xt*\f*
\v 3 This is the offering you are to receive from them: gold, silver, and bronze;
\v 4 blue, purple, and scarlet yarn; fine linen and goat hair;
\v 5 ram skins dyed red~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 25:5 \ft \+xt Ex 26:14; 35:7,23; 36:19; 39:34\+xt*\f* and fine leather;~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 25:5 \ft Hb obscure\f* acacia wood;
\v 6 oil~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 25:6 \ft \+xt Ex 27:20; 30:23–24\+xt*\f* for the light; spices for the anointing oil and for the fragrant incense;
\v 7 and onyx~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 25:7 \ft Or \fqa carnelian\f* along with other gemstones for mounting on the ephod and breastpiece.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 25:7 \ft Traditionally, \fqa breastplate\f*\sup ,\sup*\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 25:7 \ft \+xt Ex 28:4,6–15\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 8 “They are to make a sanctuary~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 25:8 \ft \+xt Ex 36:1–5; Heb 9:12\+xt*\f* for me so that I may dwell~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 25:8 \ft \+xt Ex 29:45; 1Kg 6:13; 2Co 6:16; Rv 21:3\+xt*\f* among them.
\v 9 You must make it according to all that I show you~#—~#the pattern~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 25:9 \ft \+xt Ex 25:40; 26:30; Ac 7:44; Heb 8:2,5\+xt*\f* of the tabernacle as well as the pattern of all its furnishings.
\s1 The Ark
\m
\v 10 “They are to make an ark~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 25:10 \ft \+xt Ex 37:1,3–4; Dt 10:3; Heb 9:4\+xt*\f* of acacia wood, forty-five inches long, twenty-seven inches wide, and twenty-seven inches high.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 25:10 \ft Lit \fqa two and a half cubits its length, one and a half cubits its width, and one and a half cubits its height\f*
\v 11 Overlay it with pure gold; overlay it both inside and out. Also make a gold molding all around it.
\v 12 Cast four gold rings for it and place them on its four feet, two rings on one side and two rings on the other side.
\v 13 Make poles of acacia wood and overlay them with gold.
\v 14 Insert the poles into the rings on the sides of the ark in order to carry the ark with them.
\v 15 The poles are to remain in the rings of the ark; they must not be removed from it.
\v 16 Put the tablets of~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 25:16 \fq the tablets of \ft supplied for clarity, also in v.~21\f* the testimony that I will give you into the ark.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 25:16 \ft \+xt Ex 16:34; Dt 31:26; 1Kg 8:9\+xt*\f*
\v 17 Make a mercy seat~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 25:17 \ft \+xt Ex 37:6; Rm 3:25; Heb 9:5\+xt*\f* of pure gold, forty-five inches long and twenty-seven inches wide.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 25:17 \ft Lit \fqa two and a half cubits its length, one and a half cubits its width\f*
\v 18 Make two cherubim of gold; make them of hammered work at the two ends of the mercy seat.
\v 19 Make one cherub at one end and one cherub at the other end. At its two ends, make the cherubim of one piece with the mercy seat.
\v 20 The cherubim are to have wings spread out above, covering~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 25:20 \ft \+xt 1Kg 8:7; 1Ch 28:18; Heb 9:5\+xt*\f* the mercy seat with their wings, and are to face one another. The faces of the cherubim should be toward the mercy seat.
\v 21 Set the mercy seat on top of the ark and put the tablets of the testimony that I will give you into the ark.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 25:21 \ft \+xt Ex 25:16; 26:34\+xt*\f*
\v 22 I will meet with you there above the mercy seat, between the two cherubim~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 25:22 \ft \+xt Nm 7:89; 1Sm 4:4; 2Sm 6:2; 2Kg 19:15; Ps 80:1; Is 37:16\+xt*\f* that are over the ark of the testimony; I will speak with you from there about all that I command you regarding the Israelites.
\s1 The Table
\m
\v 23 “You are to construct a table~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 25:23 \ft \+xt Ex 37:10; 1Kg 7:48; 2Ch 4:8; Heb 9:2\+xt*\f* of acacia wood, thirty-six inches long, eighteen inches wide, and twenty-seven inches high.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 25:23 \ft Lit \fqa two cubits its length, one cubit its width, and one and a half cubits its height\f*
\v 24 Overlay it with pure gold and make a gold molding all around it.
\v 25 Make a three-inch~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 25:25 \ft Lit \fqa Make it a handbreadth\f* frame all around it and make a gold molding for it all around its frame.
\v 26 Make four gold rings for it, and attach the rings to the four corners at its four legs.
\v 27 The rings should be next to the frame as holders for the poles to carry the table.
\v 28 Make the poles of acacia wood and overlay them with gold, and the table can be carried by them.
\v 29 You are also to make its plates~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 25:29 \ft \+xt Ex 37:16; Nm 4:7\+xt*\f* and cups, as well as its pitchers and bowls for pouring drink offerings. Make them out of pure gold.
\v 30 Put the Bread of the Presence~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 25:30 \ft \+xt Ex 35:13; 39:36; 40:23; Lv 24:5–9; Nm 4:7\+xt*\f* on the table before me at all times.
\s1 The Lampstand
\m
\v 31 “You~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 25:31–39 \ft \+xt Ex 37:17–24\+xt*\f* are to make a lampstand~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 25:31 \ft \+xt 1Kg 7:49; Zch 4:2; Heb 9:2; Rv 1:12\+xt*\f* out of pure, hammered gold. It is to be made of one piece: its base and shaft, its ornamental cups, and its buds~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 25:31 \ft = the outer covering of a flower\f* and petals.
\v 32 Six branches are to extend from its sides, three branches of the lampstand from one side and three branches of the lampstand from the other side.
\v 33 There are to be three cups shaped like almond blossoms, each with a bud and petals, on one branch, and three cups shaped like almond blossoms, each with a bud and petals, on the next branch. It is to be this way for the six branches that extend from the lampstand.
\v 34 There are to be four cups shaped like almond blossoms on the lampstand shaft along with its buds and petals.
\v 35 For the six branches that extend from the lampstand, a bud must be under the first pair of branches from it, a bud under the second pair of branches from it, and a bud under the third pair of branches from it.
\v 36 Their buds and branches are to be of one piece.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 25:36 \ft Lit \fqa piece with it\f* All of it is to be a single hammered piece of pure gold.
\p
\v 37 “Make its seven lamps,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 25:37 \ft \+xt Ex 27:21; 37:23; Lv 24:3–4; Nm 8:2; 2Ch 13:11\+xt*\f* and set them up so that they illuminate the area in front of it.
\v 38 Its snuffers and firepans must be of pure gold.
\v 39 The lampstand~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 25:39 \ft Lit \fqa It\f* with all these utensils is to be made from seventy-five pounds~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 25:39 \ft Lit \fqa a talent\f* of pure gold.
\v 40 Be careful to make them according to the pattern~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 25:40 \ft \+xt Ex 26:30; Nm 8:4; 1Ch 28:11,19; Ac 7:44; Heb 8:5\+xt*\f* you have been shown on the mountain.
\c 26
\s1 The Tabernacle
\m
\v 1 “You~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 26:1–37 \ft \+xt Ex 36:8–38\+xt*\f* are to construct the tabernacle itself with ten curtains. You must make them of finely spun linen, and blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, with a design of cherubim worked into them.
\v 2 Each curtain should be forty-two feet~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 26:2 \ft Lit \fqa 28 cubits\f* long and six feet~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 26:2 \ft Lit \fqa four cubits\ft , also in v.~8\f* wide; all the curtains are to have the same measurements.
\v 3 Five of the curtains should be joined together, and the other five curtains joined together.
\v 4 Make loops of blue yarn on the edge of the last curtain in the first set, and do the same on the edge of the outermost curtain in the second set.
\v 5 Make fifty loops on the one curtain and make fifty loops on the edge of the curtain in the second set, so that the loops line up together.
\v 6 Also make fifty gold clasps and join the curtains together with the clasps, so that the tabernacle may be a single unit.
\p
\v 7 “You are to make curtains of goat hair for a tent over the tabernacle; make eleven of these curtains.
\v 8 Each curtain should be forty-five feet~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 26:8 \ft Lit \fqa 30 cubits\f* long and six feet wide. All eleven curtains are to have the same measurements.
\v 9 Join five of the curtains by themselves, and the other six curtains by themselves. Then fold the sixth curtain double at the front of the tent.
\v 10 Make fifty loops on the edge of one curtain, the outermost in the first set, and make fifty loops on the edge of the corresponding curtain of the second set.
\v 11 Make fifty bronze clasps; put the clasps through the loops and join the tent together so that it is a single unit.
\v 12 As for the flap that remains from the tent curtains, the leftover half curtain is to hang over the back of the tabernacle.
\v 13 What remains along the length of the tent curtains~#—~#a half yard~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 26:13 \ft Lit \fqa the cubit\f* on one side and a half yard on the other side~#—~#should hang over the sides of the tabernacle on either side to cover it.
\v 14 Make a covering for the tent from ram skins dyed red~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 26:14 \ft \+xt Ex 25:5; 35:7; 36:19; 39:34; Nm 4:25\+xt*\f* and a covering of fine leather~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 26:14 \ft Hb obscure\f* on top of that.
\p
\v 15 “You are to make upright supports~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 26:15 \ft Or \fqa frames\ft , or \fqa beams\f* of acacia wood~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 26:15 \ft \+xt Ex 25:28; 26:37; 27:1,6; 30:1,5; 35:33; 36:20; 37:15; 38:6\+xt*\f* for the tabernacle.
\v 16 Each support is to be fifteen feet~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 26:16 \ft Lit \fqa 10 cubits\f* long and twenty-seven~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 26:16 \ft Lit \fqa a cubit and a half\f* inches wide.
\v 17 Each support will have two tenons for joining. Do the same for all the supports of the tabernacle.
\v 18 Make the supports for the tabernacle as follows: twenty supports for the south side,
\v 19 and make forty silver bases under the twenty supports, two bases under the first support for its two tenons, and two bases under the next support for its two tenons;
\v 20 twenty supports for the second side of the tabernacle, the north side,
\v 21 along with their forty silver bases, two bases under the first support and two bases under each support;
\v 22 and make six supports for the west side of the tabernacle.
\v 23 Make two additional supports for the two back corners of the tabernacle.
\v 24 They are to be paired at the bottom, and joined together~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 26:24 \ft Lit \fqa and together they are to be complete\f* at the top in a single ring. So it should be for both of them; they will serve as the two corners.
\v 25 There are to be eight supports with their silver bases: sixteen bases; two bases under the first support and two bases under each support.
\p
\v 26 “You are to make five crossbars of acacia wood for the supports on one side of the tabernacle,
\v 27 five crossbars for the supports on the other side of the tabernacle, and five crossbars for the supports on the back side of the tabernacle on the west.
\v 28 The central crossbar is to run through the middle of the supports from one end to the other.
\v 29 Then overlay the supports with gold, and make their rings of gold as the holders for the crossbars. Also overlay the crossbars with gold.
\v 30 You are to set up the tabernacle according to the plan for it that you have been shown on the mountain.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 26:30 \ft \+xt Ex 25:9,40; Ac 7:44; Heb 8:5\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 31 “You are to make a curtain of blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and finely spun linen with a design of cherubim worked into it.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 26:31 \ft \+xt Ex 36:35; 2Ch 3:14; Mt 27:51; Heb 9:3\+xt*\f*
\v 32 Hang it on four gold-plated pillars of acacia wood that have gold hooks and that stand on four silver bases.
\v 33 Hang the curtain under the clasps~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 26:33 \ft The \fqa clasps \ft that join the ten curtains of the tabernacle; Ex 26:6\f* and bring the ark of the testimony there behind the curtain, so the curtain will make a separation for you between the holy place~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 26:33 \ft \+xt Ex 25:16; 40:21; Lv 16:2; Heb 9:2\+xt*\f* and the most holy place.
\v 34 Put the mercy seat on the ark of the testimony in the most holy place.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 26:34 \ft \+xt Ex 25:21; 40:20; Heb 9:5\+xt*\f*
\v 35 Place the table outside the curtain and the lampstand on the south side of the tabernacle, opposite the table; put the table on the north side.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 26:35 \ft \+xt Ex 40:22,24; Heb 9:2\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 36 “For the entrance to the tent you are to make a screen embroidered~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 26:36 \ft Or \fqa woven\f* with blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and finely spun linen.
\v 37 Make five pillars of acacia wood for the screen and overlay them with gold; their hooks are to be gold, and you are to cast five bronze bases for them.
\c 27
\s1 The Altar of Burnt Offering
\m
\v 1 “You~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 27:1–8 \ft \+xt Ex 38:1–7; Ezk 43:13\+xt*\f* are to construct the altar of acacia wood. The altar must be square, 7~1/2 feet long, and 7~1/2 feet wide;~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 27:1 \ft Lit \fqa five cubits in length and five cubits in width\f* it must be 4~1/2 feet high.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 27:1 \ft Lit \fqa wide; and its height three cubits\f*
\v 2 Make horns for it on its four corners; the horns are to be of one piece.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 27:2 \ft Lit \fqa piece with it\f* Overlay it with bronze.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 27:2 \ft \+xt Nm 16:38; Ps 118:27\+xt*\f*
\v 3 Make its pots for removing ashes, and its shovels, basins, meat forks, and firepans; make all its utensils of bronze.
\v 4 Construct a grate for it of bronze mesh, and make four bronze rings on the mesh at its four corners.
\v 5 Set it below, under the altar’s ledge,~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 27:5 \ft Perhaps a \fqa ledge \ft around the altar on which the priests could stand; Lv 9:22\f* so that the mesh comes halfway up~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 27:5 \ft Or \fqa altar’s rim, so that the grid comes halfway down\f* the altar.
\v 6 Then make poles for the altar, poles of acacia wood, and overlay them with bronze.
\v 7 The poles are to be inserted into the rings so that the poles are on two sides of the altar when it is carried.
\v 8 Construct the altar with boards so that it is hollow. They are to make it just as it was shown to you on the mountain.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 27:8 \ft \+xt Ex 25:40; 26:30\+xt*\f*
\s1 The Courtyard
\m
\v 9 “You~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 27:9–19 \ft \+xt Ex 38:9–20\+xt*\f* are to make the courtyard for the tabernacle. Make hangings for the south side of the courtyard out of finely spun linen, 150 feet~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 27:9 \ft Lit \fqa 100 cubits\ft , also in v.~11\f* long on that side
\v 10 including twenty posts and twenty bronze bases, with silver hooks and silver bands~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 27:10 \ft Or \fqa connecting rods\ft , also in v.~11\f* for the posts.
\v 11 And so make hangings 150 feet long for the north side, including twenty posts and their twenty bronze bases, with silver hooks and silver bands for the posts.
\v 12 For the width of the courtyard, make hangings 75 feet~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 27:12 \ft Lit \fqa 50 cubits\ft , also in v.~13\f* long for the west side, including their ten posts and their ten bases.
\v 13 And for the width of the courtyard on the east side toward the sunrise, 75 feet,
\v 14 make hangings 22~1/2 feet~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 27:14 \ft Lit \fqa 15 cubits\ft , also in v.~15\f* long for one side of the gate, including their three posts and their three bases.
\v 15 And make hangings 22~1/2 feet long for the other side, including their three posts and their three bases.
\v 16 The gate of the courtyard is to have a 30-foot~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 27:16 \ft Lit \fqa 20-cubit\f* screen~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 27:16 \ft \+xt Ex 35:17; 38:18; 39:40; 40:8,33; Nm 3:26; 4:26\+xt*\f* embroidered~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 27:16 \ft Or \fqa woven\f* with blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and finely spun linen. It is to have four posts and their four bases.
\p
\v 17 “All the posts around the courtyard are to be banded with silver and have silver hooks and bronze bases.
\v 18 The courtyard is to be 150 feet long, 75 feet wide at each end, and 7~1/2 feet high,~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 27:18 \ft Lit \fqa be 100 by the cubit, and the width 50 by 50, and the height five cubits\f* all of it made of finely spun linen. The bases of the posts are to be bronze.
\v 19 All the utensils of the tabernacle for every use and all its tent pegs as well as all the tent pegs of the courtyard are to be made of bronze.
\s1 The Lampstand Oil
\m
\v 20 “You are to command the Israelites to bring you pure oil from crushed olives for the light, in order to keep the lamp burning regularly.
\v 21 In the tent of meeting outside the curtain that is in front of the testimony,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 27:21 \ft \+xt Ex 30:8; 1Sm 3:3; 2Ch 13:11\+xt*\f* Aaron and his sons are to tend the lamp~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 27:21 \ft \+xt Ex 26:31,33; 28:43\+xt*\f* from evening until morning before the \nd Lord\nd*. This is to be a permanent statute~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 27:21 \ft \+xt Ex 29:9; Lv 3:17; 16:34; Nm 18:23; 19:21\+xt*\f* for the Israelites throughout their generations.
\c 28
\s1 The Priestly Garments
\m
\v 1 “Have your brother Aaron, with his sons, come to you from the Israelites to serve me as priest~#—~#Aaron, his sons Nadab and Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 28:1 \ft \+xt Nm 18:7; Ps 99:6; Heb 5:1\+xt*\f*
\v 2 Make holy garments~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 28:2 \ft \+xt Ex 29:5,9; 31:10; 39:1–2; Lv 8:7,30; Nm 20:26,28\+xt*\f* for your brother Aaron, for glory and beauty.
\v 3 You are to instruct all the skilled artisans,~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 28:3 \ft Lit \fqa all wise of heart\f*\sup ,\sup*\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 28:3 \ft \+xt Ex 31:6; 35:25; 36:1\+xt*\f* whom I have filled with a spirit of wisdom, to make Aaron’s garments for consecrating him to serve me as priest.
\v 4 These are the garments that they must make: a breastpiece, an ephod, a robe, a specially woven tunic,~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 28:4 \ft Hb obscure\f* a turban, and a sash. They are to make holy garments for your brother Aaron and his sons so that they may serve me as priests.
\v 5 They should use~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 28:5 \ft Lit \fqa receive\f* gold; blue, purple, and scarlet yarn; and fine linen.
\s1 The Ephod
\m
\v 6 “They~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 28:6–12 \ft \+xt Ex 39:2–7; Lv 8:7\+xt*\f* are to make the ephod of finely spun linen embroidered~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 28:6 \ft Or \fqa woven\f* with gold, and with blue, purple, and scarlet yarn.
\v 7 It must have two shoulder pieces attached to its two edges so that it can be joined together.
\v 8 The artistically woven waistband that is on the ephod~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 28:8 \ft Lit \fqa waistband of its ephod, which is on it\f* must be of one piece,~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 28:8 \ft Lit \fqa piece with the ephod\f* according to the same workmanship of gold, of blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and of finely spun linen.
\p
\v 9 “Take two onyx stones and engrave on them the names of Israel’s sons:
\v 10 six of their names on the first stone and the remaining six names on the second stone, in the order of their birth.
\v 11 Engrave the two stones with the names of Israel’s sons as a gem cutter engraves a seal. Mount them, surrounded with gold filigree settings.
\v 12 Fasten both stones on the shoulder pieces of the ephod as memorial stones for the Israelites. Aaron will carry their names on his two shoulders before the \nd Lord\nd* as a reminder.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 28:12 \ft \+xt Ex 28:29; Jos 4:7; Zch 6:14\+xt*\f*
\v 13 Fashion gold filigree settings
\v 14 and two chains of pure gold; you will make them of braided cord work, and attach the cord chains to the settings.
\s1 The Breastpiece
\m
\v 15 “You~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 28:15–28 \ft \+xt Ex 39:8–21\+xt*\f* are to make an embroidered breastpiece for making decisions.~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 28:15 \ft Used for determining God’s will; Nm 27:21\f* Make it with the same workmanship as the ephod; make it of gold, of blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and of finely spun linen.
\v 16 It must be square and folded double, nine inches long and nine inches wide.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 28:16 \ft Lit \fqa a span its length and a span its width\f*
\v 17 Place a setting of gemstones~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 28:17 \ft Many of these stones cannot be identified with certainty.\f* on it, four rows of stones:
\li The first row should be
\li a row of carnelian, topaz, and~emerald;~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 28:17 \ft Or \fqa beryl\f*
\li
\v 18 the second row,
\li a turquoise,~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 28:18 \ft Or \fqa malachite\ft , or \fqa garnet\f* a~lapis lazuli, and~a~diamond;~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 28:18 \ft Hb obscure; LXX, Vg read \fqa jasper\f*
\li
\v 19 the third row,
\li a jacinth,~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 28:19 \ft Hb obscure\f* an~agate, and~an~amethyst;
\li
\v 20 and the fourth row,
\li a beryl, an~onyx, and~a~jasper.
\m They should be adorned with gold filigree in their settings.
\v 21 The twelve stones are to correspond to the names of Israel’s sons. Each stone must be engraved like a seal, with one of the names of the twelve tribes.
\p
\v 22 “You are to make braided chains~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 28:22 \ft The same \fqa chains \ft mentioned in v. 14\f* of pure gold cord work for the breastpiece.
\v 23 Fashion two gold rings for the breastpiece and attach them to its two corners.
\v 24 Then attach the two gold cords to the two gold rings at the corners of the breastpiece.
\v 25 Attach the other ends of the two cords to the two filigree settings, and in this way attach them to the ephod’s shoulder pieces in the front.
\v 26 Make two other gold rings and put them at the two other corners of the breastpiece on the edge that is next to the inner border of the ephod.
\v 27 Make two more gold rings and attach them to the bottom of the ephod’s two shoulder pieces on its front, close to its seam,~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 28:27 \ft The place where the \fqa shoulder pieces \ft join the front of the ephod\f* and above the ephod’s woven waistband.
\v 28 The artisans are to tie the breastpiece from its rings to the rings of the ephod with a cord of blue yarn, so that the breastpiece is above the ephod’s waistband and does not come loose from the ephod.
\p
\v 29 “Whenever he enters the sanctuary, Aaron is to carry the names of Israel’s sons over his heart on the breastpiece for decisions, as a continual reminder before the \nd Lord\nd*.
\v 30 Place the Urim and Thummim~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 28:30 \ft \+xt Lv 8:8; Nm 27:21; Dt 33:8; Ezr 2:63; Neh 7:65\+xt*\f* in the breastpiece for decisions, so that they will also be over Aaron’s heart whenever he comes before the \nd Lord\nd*. Aaron will continually carry the means of decisions for the Israelites over his heart before the \nd Lord\nd*.
\s1 The Robe
\m
\v 31 “You~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 28:31–40 \ft \+xt Ex 39:22–31\+xt*\f* are to make the robe of the ephod entirely of blue yarn.
\v 32 There should be an opening at its top in the center of it. Around the opening, there should be a woven collar with an opening like that of body armor~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 28:32 \ft Hb obscure\f* so that it does not tear.
\v 33 Make pomegranates of blue, purple, and scarlet yarn on its lower hem and all around it. Put gold bells between them all the way around,
\v 34 so that gold bells and pomegranates alternate around the lower hem of the robe.
\v 35 The robe will be worn by Aaron whenever he ministers, and its sound will be heard when he enters the sanctuary before the \nd Lord\nd* and when he exits, so that he does not die.
\s1 The Turban
\m
\v 36 “You are to make a pure gold medallion and engrave it, like the engraving of a seal:~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 28:36 \ft \+xt Lv 8:9; Zch 14:20\+xt*\f* \nd Holy to the Lord\nd*.
\v 37 Fasten it to a cord of blue yarn so it can be placed on the turban; the medallion is to be on the front of the turban.
\v 38 It will be on Aaron’s forehead so that Aaron may bear the guilt~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 28:38 \ft \+xt Lv 10:17; 22:16; Nm 18:1; Is 53:11; Ezk 4:4–6; Jn 1:29; Heb 9:28; 1Pt 2:24\+xt*\f* connected with the holy offerings that the Israelites consecrate as all their holy gifts. It is always to be on his forehead, so that they may find acceptance with the \nd Lord\nd*.
\s1 Other Priestly Garments
\m
\v 39 “You are to weave the tunic from fine linen, make a turban of fine linen, and make an embroidered sash.
\v 40 Make tunics, sashes, and headbands for Aaron’s sons to give them glory and beauty.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 28:40 \ft \+xt Ex 39:41; Ezk 44:17–18\+xt*\f*
\v 41 Put these on your brother Aaron and his sons; then anoint,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 28:41 \ft \+xt Ex 29:7; 30:30; 40:15; Lv 10:7\+xt*\f* ordain,~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 28:41 \ft Lit \fqa anoint them, fill their hand\f* and consecrate~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 28:41 \ft \+xt Ex 29:9; Heb 7:28\+xt*\f* them, so that they may serve me as priests.
\v 42 Make them linen undergarments~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 28:42 \ft \+xt Lv 6:10; 16:4; Ezk 44:18\+xt*\f* to cover their naked bodies; they must extend from the waist to the thighs.
\v 43 These must be worn by Aaron and his sons whenever they enter the tent of meeting or approach the altar to minister in the sanctuary area, so that they do not incur guilt~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 28:43 \ft \+xt Ex 20:26; Lv 5:1,17; 20:19\+xt*\f* and die. This is to be a permanent statute~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 28:43 \ft \+xt Ex 27:21; Lv 17:7\+xt*\f* for Aaron and for his future descendants.
\c 29
\s1 Instructions about Consecration
\m
\v 1 “This is what you are to do for them to consecrate them to serve me as priests. Take a young bull and two unblemished rams,
\v 2 with unleavened bread, unleavened cakes mixed with oil, and unleavened wafers coated with oil. Make them out of fine wheat flour,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 29:2 \ft \+xt Lv 2:4; 6:19–23\+xt*\f*
\v 3 put them in a basket, and bring them in the basket, along with the bull and two rams.
\v 4 Bring Aaron and his sons to the entrance to the tent of meeting and wash them with water.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 29:4 \ft \+xt Ex 40:12; Lv 8:6; Heb 10:22\+xt*\f*
\v 5 Then take the garments and clothe Aaron with the tunic, the robe for the ephod, the ephod itself, and the breastpiece; fasten the ephod on him with its woven waistband.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 29:5 \ft \+xt Ex 28:2,8; Lv 8:7\+xt*\f*
\v 6 Put the turban on his head and place the holy diadem~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 29:6 \ft \+xt Ex 28:36–37; Lv 8:9\+xt*\f* on the turban.
\v 7 Take the anointing oil, pour it on his head, and anoint~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 29:7 \ft \+xt Ex 30:25; Lv 8:12; 10:7; 21:10; Nm 35:25\+xt*\f* him.
\v 8 You must also bring his sons and clothe them with tunics.
\v 9 Tie the sashes on Aaron and his sons and fasten headbands on them. The priesthood is to be theirs by a permanent statute. This is the way you will ordain Aaron and~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 29:9 \ft Lit \fqa you will fill the hand of Aaron and the hand of\ft ; Ex 29:23–24\f* his sons.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 29:9 \ft \+xt Ex 28:41; Nm 18:7\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 10 “You are to bring the bull to the front of the tent of meeting, and Aaron and his sons must lay their hands on the bull’s head.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 29:10 \ft \+xt Lv 1:4; 8:14\+xt*\f*
\v 11 Slaughter the bull before the \nd Lord\nd* at the entrance to the tent of meeting.
\v 12 Take some of the bull’s blood and apply it to the horns~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 29:12 \ft \+xt Ex 27:2; Lv 8:15\+xt*\f* of the altar with your finger; then pour out all the rest of the blood at the base of the altar.
\v 13 Take all the fat~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 29:13 \ft \+xt Lv 3:3–4\+xt*\f* that covers the entrails, the fatty lobe of the liver, and the two kidneys with the fat on them, and burn them on the altar.
\v 14 But burn the bull’s flesh, its hide, and its waste outside the camp;~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 29:14 \ft \+xt Lv 4:11–12,21; Heb 13:11\+xt*\f* it is a sin offering.
\p
\v 15 “Take one ram, and Aaron and his sons are to lay their hands on the ram’s head.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 29:15 \ft \+xt Lv 1:4; 8:18\+xt*\f*
\v 16 You are to slaughter the ram, take its blood, and splatter it on all sides of the altar.
\v 17 Cut the ram into pieces. Wash its entrails and legs, and place them with its head and its pieces on the altar.
\v 18 Then burn the whole ram on the altar; it is a burnt offering to the \nd Lord\nd*. It is a pleasing aroma,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 29:18 \ft \+xt Gn 8:21; Ex 29:25\+xt*\f* a food offering to the \nd Lord\nd*.
\p
\v 19 “You are to take the second ram, and Aaron and his sons must lay their hands on the ram’s head.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 29:19 \ft \+xt Ex 29:3; Lv 8:22\+xt*\f*
\v 20 Slaughter the ram, take some of its blood, and put it on Aaron’s right earlobe, on his sons’ right earlobes, on the thumbs of their right hands, and on the big toes of their right feet. Splatter the remaining blood on all sides of the altar.
\v 21 Take some of the blood that is on the altar and some of the anointing oil,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 29:21 \ft \+xt Ex 30:25,31; Heb 9:22\+xt*\f* and sprinkle them on Aaron and his garments, as well as on his sons and their garments. So he and his garments will be holy, as well as his sons and their garments.
\p
\v 22 “Take the fat from the ram, the fat tail, the fat covering the entrails, the fatty lobe of the liver, the two kidneys and the fat on them, and the right thigh (since this is a ram for ordination~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 29:22 \ft The priest would normally receive the right thigh to be eaten, but here it is burned; Lv 7:32–34.\f*);
\v 23 take one loaf of bread, one cake of bread made with oil, and one wafer from the basket of unleavened bread that is before the \nd Lord\nd*;
\v 24 and put all of them in the hands of Aaron and his~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 29:24 \ft Lit \fqa in the hands of his\f* sons and present them as a presentation offering before the \nd Lord\nd*.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 29:23–24 \ft \+xt Lv 7:30; 8:22\+xt*\f*
\v 25 Take them from their hands and burn them on the altar on top of the burnt offering, as a pleasing aroma before the \nd Lord\nd*; it is a food offering to the \nd Lord\nd*.
\p
\v 26 “Take the breast from the ram of Aaron’s ordination and present it as a presentation offering before the \nd Lord\nd*; it is to be your portion.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 29:26 \ft \+xt Lv 7:3; 8:29\+xt*\f*
\v 27 Consecrate for Aaron and his sons~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 29:27 \ft \+xt Lv 7:31,34; Nm 18:11,18; Dt 18:3\+xt*\f* the breast of the presentation offering that is presented and the thigh of the contribution that is lifted up from the ram of ordination.
\v 28 This will belong to Aaron and his sons as a regular portion from the Israelites, for it is a contribution. It will be the Israelites’ contribution from their fellowship sacrifices, their contribution to the \nd Lord\nd*.
\p
\v 29 “The holy garments that belong to Aaron are to belong to his sons after him, so that they can be anointed and ordained~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 29:29 \ft Lit \fqa him for anointing in them and for filling their hand\f* in them.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 29:29 \ft \+xt Nm 18:8; 20:26,28\+xt*\f*
\v 30 Any priest who is one of his sons and who succeeds him and enters the tent of meeting to minister in the sanctuary must wear them for seven days.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 29:30 \ft \+xt Lv 8:35; Nm 20:28\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 31 “You are to take the ram of ordination and boil its flesh in a holy place.
\v 32 Aaron and his sons are to eat the meat of the ram and the bread that is in the basket at the entrance to the tent of meeting.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 29:31–32 \ft \+xt Lv 8:31; Mt 12:4\+xt*\f*
\v 33 They must eat those things by which atonement was made at the time of their ordination~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 29:33 \ft Lit \fqa made to fill their hand\f* and consecration. An unauthorized person must not eat~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 29:33 \ft \+xt Lv 10:14–15,17; 22:10\+xt*\f* them, for these things are holy.
\v 34 If any of the meat of ordination or any of the bread is left until morning, burn what is left over. It must not be eaten because it is holy.
\p
\v 35 “This is what you are to do for Aaron and his sons based on all I have commanded you. Take seven days to ordain them.
\v 36 Sacrifice a bull as a sin offering each day for atonement. Purify~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 29:36 \ft Or \fqa Make a sin offering on\f* the altar when you make atonement for it, and anoint it in order to consecrate it.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 29:36 \ft \+xt Ex 40:10; Heb 10:11\+xt*\f*
\v 37 For seven days you must make atonement for the altar and consecrate it. The altar will be especially holy. Whatever touches the altar will be consecrated.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 29:37 \ft \+xt Ex 30:29; Mt 23:19\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 38 “This is what you are to offer regularly on the altar every day: two year-old lambs.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 29:38 \ft \+xt Nm 28:3; 1Ch 16:40; Ezr 3:3; Dn 12:11\+xt*\f*
\v 39 In the morning offer one lamb, and at twilight offer the other lamb.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 29:39 \ft \+xt 1Kg 18:29,36; 2Kg 16:15; Ezr 9:4–5; Ps 141:2; Ezk 46:13–15\+xt*\f*
\v 40 With the first lamb offer two quarts~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 29:40 \ft Lit \fqa offer a tenth\f* of fine flour mixed with one quart~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 29:40 \ft Lit \fqa a fourth of a hin\f* of oil from crushed olives, and a drink offering of one quart of wine.
\v 41 You are to offer the second lamb at twilight. Offer a grain offering and a drink offering with it, like the one in the morning, as a pleasing aroma, a food offering to the \nd Lord\nd*.
\v 42 This will be a regular burnt offering throughout your generations at the entrance to the tent of meeting before the \nd Lord\nd*, where I will meet you~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 29:42 \ft = Moses\f* to speak with you.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 29:42 \ft \+xt Ex 25:22; 30:8\+xt*\f*
\v 43 I will also meet with the Israelites there, and that place will be consecrated by my glory.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 29:43 \ft \+xt 1Kg 8:11; 2Ch 5:14; Ezk 43:5; Hg 2:7,9\+xt*\f*
\v 44 I will consecrate the tent of meeting and the altar; I will also consecrate Aaron and his sons to serve me as priests.
\v 45 I will dwell~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 29:45 \ft \+xt Zch 2:10; Jn 14:17\+xt*\f* among the Israelites and be their God.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 29:45 \ft \+xt Ex 25:8; Lv 26:12\+xt*\f*
\v 46 And they will know that I am the \nd Lord\nd* their God, who brought them out of the land of Egypt, so that I might dwell among them. I am the \nd Lord\nd* their God.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 29:46 \ft \+xt Ex 20:2\+xt*\f*
\c 30
\s1 The Incense Altar
\m
\v 1 “You are to make an altar for the burning of incense; make it of acacia wood.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 30:1 \ft \+xt Ex 37:25; Rv 8:3\+xt*\f*
\v 2 It must be square, eighteen inches long and eighteen inches wide;~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 30:2 \ft Lit \fqa one cubit its length and one cubit its width\f* it must be thirty-six inches high.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 30:2 \ft Lit \fqa wide; and two cubits its height\f* Its horns must be of one piece with it.
\v 3 Overlay its top, all around its sides, and its horns with pure gold; make a gold molding all around it.
\v 4 Make two gold rings for it under the molding on two of its sides; put these on opposite sides of it to be holders for the poles to carry it with.
\v 5 Make the poles of acacia wood and overlay them with gold.
\p
\v 6 “You are to place the altar in front of the curtain by the ark of the testimony~#—~#in front of the mercy seat that is over the testimony~#—~#where I will meet with you.
\v 7 Aaron must burn fragrant incense on it; he must burn it every morning when he tends the lamps.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 30:7 \ft \+xt Ex 27:21; 1Sm 2:28; 1Ch 23:13; Lk 1:9\+xt*\f*
\v 8 When Aaron sets up the lamps at twilight, he must burn incense. There is to be an incense offering before the \nd Lord\nd* throughout your generations.
\v 9 You must not offer unauthorized incense on it,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 30:9 \ft \+xt Lv 10:1\+xt*\f* or a burnt or grain offering; you are not to pour a drink offering on it.
\p
\v 10 “Once a year Aaron is to perform the atonement ceremony for the altar. Throughout your generations he is to perform the atonement ceremony for~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 30:10 \ft Or \fqa on\f* it once a year, with the blood of the sin offering for atonement on the horns.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 30:10 \ft \+xt Lv 16:18\+xt*\f* The altar is especially holy to the \nd Lord\nd*.”
\s1 The Atonement Money
\m
\v 11 The \nd Lord\nd* spoke to Moses:
\v 12 “When you take a census~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 30:12 \ft \+xt Nm 1:2; 2Sm 24:2\+xt*\f* of the Israelites to register them, each of the men must pay a ransom~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 30:12 \ft \+xt Nm 31:50; Mt 20:28\+xt*\f* for his life to the \nd Lord\nd* as they are registered. Then no plague~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 30:12 \ft \+xt Ex 12:13; 2Sm 24:13,21,25\+xt*\f* will come on them as they are registered.
\v 13 Everyone who is registered must pay half a shekel~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 30:13 \ft A shekel is about two-fifths of an ounce of silver\f* according to the sanctuary shekel (twenty gerahs to the shekel). This half shekel is a contribution to the \nd Lord\nd*.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 30:13 \ft \+xt Ex 38:26; Nm 3:47; Mt 17:24\+xt*\f*
\v 14 Each man who is registered, twenty years old or more, must give this contribution to the \nd Lord\nd*.
\v 15 The wealthy may not give more and the poor may not give less~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 30:15 \ft \+xt Pr 22:2; Eph 6:9\+xt*\f* than half a shekel when giving the contribution to the \nd Lord\nd* to atone for~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 30:15 \ft Or \fqa to ransom\ft , also in v.~16\f* your lives.
\v 16 Take the atonement price~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 30:16 \ft Lit \fqa the silver of the atonement\f* from the Israelites and use it for the service of the tent of meeting. It will serve as a reminder for the Israelites before the \nd Lord\nd* to atone for your lives.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 30:16 \ft \+xt Ex 38:25–28; Nm 16:40\+xt*\f*
\s1 The Bronze Basin
\m
\v 17 The \nd Lord\nd* spoke to Moses:
\v 18 “Make a bronze basin~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 30:18 \ft \+xt Ex 38:8; 40:7,30; 1Kg 7:38\+xt*\f* for washing and a bronze stand for it. Set it between the tent of meeting and the altar, and put water in it.
\v 19 Aaron and his sons must wash their hands and feet from the basin.
\v 20 Whenever they enter the tent of meeting or approach the altar to minister by burning a food offering to the \nd Lord\nd*, they must wash with water so that they will not die.
\v 21 They must wash their hands and feet so that they will not die; this is to be a permanent statute~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 30:21 \ft \+xt Ex 27:21; 28:43\+xt*\f* for them, for Aaron and his descendants throughout their generations.”
\s1 The Anointing Oil
\m
\v 22 The \nd Lord\nd* spoke to Moses:
\v 23 “Take for yourself the finest spices:~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 30:23 \ft \+xt Sg 4:14; Ezk 27:22\+xt*\f* 12~1/2 pounds~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 30:23 \ft Lit \fqa 500 \ft (shekels), also in v.~24\f* of liquid myrrh, half as much (6~1/4 pounds~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 30:23 \ft Lit \fqa 250 \ft (shekels)\f*) of fragrant cinnamon, 6~1/4 pounds of fragrant cane,
\v 24 12~1/2 pounds of cassia (by the sanctuary shekel), and a gallon~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 30:24 \ft Lit \fqa a hin\f* of olive oil.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 30:24 \ft \+xt Ex 29:40; Ps 45:8\+xt*\f*
\v 25 Prepare from these a holy anointing oil, a scented blend, the work of a perfumer; it will be holy anointing oil.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 30:25 \ft \+xt Ex 37:29; Nm 35:25\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 26 “With it you are to anoint~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 30:26 \ft \+xt Ex 40:9; Lv 8:10; Nm 7:1\+xt*\f* the tent of meeting, the ark of the testimony,
\v 27 the table with all its utensils, the lampstand with its utensils, the altar of incense,
\v 28 the altar of burnt offering with all its utensils, and the basin with its stand.
\v 29 Consecrate them and they will be especially holy. Whatever touches them will be consecrated.
\v 30 Anoint Aaron and his sons and consecrate~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 30:30 \ft \+xt Ex 29:7; Lv 8:12,30\+xt*\f* them to serve me as priests.
\p
\v 31 “Tell the Israelites: This will be my holy anointing oil throughout your generations.
\v 32 It must not be used for ordinary anointing on a person’s body, and you must not make anything like it using its formula. It is holy, and it must be holy to you.
\v 33 Anyone who blends something like it or puts some of it on an unauthorized person must be cut off~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 30:33 \ft \+xt Gn 17:14; Ex 30:38\+xt*\f* from his people.”
\s1 The Sacred Incense
\m
\v 34 The \nd Lord\nd* said to Moses, “Take fragrant spices: stacte, onycha, and galbanum; the spices and pure frankincense are to be in equal measures.
\v 35 Prepare expertly blended incense from these; it is to be seasoned with salt, pure and holy.
\v 36 Grind some of it into a fine powder and put some in front of the testimony in the tent of meeting, where I will meet with you. It must be especially holy~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 30:36 \ft \+xt Ex 29:37; Lv 2:3\+xt*\f* to you.
\v 37 As for the incense you are making, you must not make any for yourselves using its formula. It is to be regarded by you as holy~#—~#belonging to the \nd Lord\nd*.
\v 38 Anyone who makes something like it to smell its fragrance must be cut off from his people.”
\c 31
\s1 God’s Provision of the Skilled Workers
\m
\v 1 The \nd Lord\nd* also spoke to Moses:
\v 2 “Look, I have appointed by name Bezalel~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 31:2 \ft \+xt Ex 35:30; 36:1; 1Ch 2:20\+xt*\f* son of Uri, son of Hur, of the tribe of Judah.
\v 3 I have filled him with God’s Spirit, with wisdom, understanding, and ability in every craft~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 31:3 \ft \+xt Ex 35:31; 1Kg 7:14\+xt*\f*
\v 4 to design artistic works in gold, silver, and bronze,
\v 5 to cut gemstones for mounting, and to carve wood for work in every craft.
\v 6 I have also selected Oholiab~\f + \cat (I)\cat* \fr 31:6 \ft LXX, Syr read \fqa Eliab\f* son of Ahisamach, of the tribe of Dan, to be with him. I have put wisdom in the heart of every skilled artisan~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 31:6 \ft Lit \fqa everyone wise of heart\f* in order to make all that I have commanded you:
\v 7 the tent of meeting, the ark of the testimony, the mercy seat that is on top of it, and all the other furnishings of the tent~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 31:7 \ft \+xt Ex 36:8–38; 37:1–6\+xt*\f*~#—~#
\v 8 the table with its utensils, the pure gold lampstand with all its utensils, the altar of incense,
\v 9 the altar of burnt offering with all its utensils, the basin with its stand~#—~#
\v 10 the specially woven~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 31:10 \ft Hb obscure\f* garments, both the holy garments for the priest Aaron and the garments for his sons to serve as priests,
\v 11 the anointing oil, and the fragrant incense for the sanctuary. They must make them according to all that I have commanded you.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 31:8–11 \ft \+xt Ex 30:25,31,34; 37:10–29; 38:1,8; 39:1,41\+xt*\f*
\s1 Observing the Sabbath
\m
\v 12 The \nd Lord\nd* said to Moses,
\v 13 “Tell the Israelites: You must observe my Sabbaths, for it is a sign between me and you throughout your generations, so that you will know that I am the \nd Lord\nd* who consecrates you.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 31:13 \ft \+xt Lv 19:3,30; Ezk 20:12,20\+xt*\f*
\v 14 Observe the Sabbath, for it is holy to you. Whoever profanes it must be put to death. If anyone does work on it, that person must be cut off from his people.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 31:14 \ft \+xt Nm 15:35\+xt*\f*
\v 15 Work may be done for six days, but on the seventh day there must be a Sabbath of complete rest,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 31:15 \ft \+xt Gn 2:2; Ex 16:23; 20:9\+xt*\f* holy to the \nd Lord\nd*. Anyone who does work on the Sabbath day must be put to death.
\v 16 The Israelites must observe the Sabbath, celebrating it throughout their generations as a permanent covenant.
\v 17 It is a sign forever between me and the Israelites, for in six days the \nd Lord\nd* made the heavens and the earth, but on the seventh day he rested and was refreshed.”
\s1 The Two Stone Tablets
\m
\v 18 When he finished speaking with Moses on Mount Sinai, he gave him the two tablets of the testimony, stone tablets inscribed by the finger of God.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 31:18 \ft \+xt Ex 24:12; 32:15–16; Dt 4:13; 5:22; 2Co 3:3\+xt*\f*
\c 32
\s1 The Gold Calf
\m
\v 1 When the people saw that Moses delayed in coming down from the mountain, they gathered around Aaron and said to him, “Come, make gods~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 32:1 \ft Or \fqa make a god\ft , also in v.~23\f* for us who will go before us because this Moses, the man who brought us up from the land of Egypt~#—~#we don’t know what has happened to him!~”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 32:1 \ft \+xt Ex 13:21; 24:18; Dt 9:9; Ac 7:40\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 2 Aaron replied to them, “Take off the gold rings~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 32:2 \ft \+xt Ex 35:22; Jdg 8:24–27\+xt*\f* that are on the ears of your wives, your sons, and your daughters and bring them to me.”
\v 3 So all the people took off the gold rings that were on their ears and brought them to Aaron.
\v 4 He took the gold from them, fashioned it with an engraving tool, and made it into an image of a calf.
\p Then they said, “Israel, these are your gods,~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 32:4 \ft Or \fqa “Israel, this is your god \ft or \fqa “Israel, this is your God\ft , also in v.~8\f* who brought you up from the land of Egypt!~”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 32:4 \ft \+xt Dt 9:16; Jdg 17:3–4; 1Kg 12:28; Neh 9:18; Ps 106:19; Ac 7:41\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 5 When Aaron saw this, he built an altar in front of it and made an announcement: “There will be a festival~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 32:5 \ft \+xt Lv 23:2,37; 2Kg 10:20\+xt*\f* to the \nd Lord\nd* tomorrow.”
\v 6 Early the next morning they arose, offered burnt offerings, and presented fellowship offerings. The people sat down to eat and drink, and got up to party.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 32:6 \ft \+xt Nm 25:2; 1Co 10:7\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 7 The \nd Lord\nd* spoke to Moses: “Go down at once! For your people you brought up from the land of Egypt have acted corruptly.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 32:7 \ft \+xt Gn 6:11–12; Dt 9:12\+xt*\f*
\v 8 They have quickly turned from the way I commanded them; they have made for themselves an image of a calf. They have bowed down to it, sacrificed to it, and said, ‘Israel, these are your gods, who brought you up from the land of Egypt.’~”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 32:8 \ft \+xt Ex 20:3–4,23; 34:15; Dt 32:17; 1Kg 12:28\+xt*\f*
\v 9 The \nd Lord\nd* also said to Moses, “I have seen this people, and they are indeed a stiff-necked~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 32:9 \ft \+xt Ex 33:3,5; 34:9; 2Ch 30:8; Is 48:4; Ac 7:51\+xt*\f* people.
\v 10 Now leave me alone, so that my anger can burn against them and I can destroy them. Then I will make you into a great nation.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 32:10 \ft \+xt Ex 22:24; Nm 14:12; Dt 9:14\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 11 But Moses sought the favor of the \nd Lord\nd* his God: “\nd Lord\nd*, why does your anger burn against your people you brought out of the land of Egypt with great power and a strong hand?
\v 12 Why should the Egyptians say, ‘He brought them out with an evil intent to kill them in the mountains and eliminate them from the face of the earth’? Turn from your fierce anger and relent concerning this disaster planned for your people.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 32:11–12 \ft \+xt Nm 14:13–16; Dt 9:18,26–29\+xt*\f*
\v 13 Remember your servants Abraham, Isaac, and Israel~#—~#you swore to them by yourself~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 32:13 \ft \+xt Gn 22:16–18; Heb 6:13\+xt*\f* and declared, ‘I will make your offspring as numerous as the stars of the sky and will give your offspring all this land that I have promised, and they will inherit it forever.’~”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 32:13 \ft \+xt Gn 12:7; 13:15; 15:7,18; 26:4; 35:11–12\+xt*\f*
\v 14 So the \nd Lord\nd* relented~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 32:14 \ft \+xt 2Sm 24:16; Ps 106:45\+xt*\f* concerning the disaster he had said he would bring on his people.
\p
\v 15 Then Moses turned and went down the mountain with the two tablets of the testimony in his hands. They were inscribed on both sides~#—~#inscribed front and back.
\v 16 The tablets were the work of God, and the writing was God’s writing, engraved on the tablets.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 32:15–16 \ft \+xt Ex 31:18; Dt 9:15\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 17 When Joshua heard the sound of the people as they shouted, he said to Moses, “There is a sound of war in the camp.”
\p
\v 18 But Moses replied,
\q It’s not the~sound of~a~victory~cry
\q and not the~sound of~a~cry of~defeat;
\q I hear the~sound of~singing!
\m
\v 19 As he approached the camp and saw the calf and the dancing, Moses became enraged and threw the tablets out of his hands, smashing them at the base of the mountain.
\v 20 He took the calf they had made, burned it up, and ground it to powder. He scattered the powder over the surface of the water and forced the Israelites to drink the water.
\p
\v 21 Then Moses asked Aaron, “What did these people do to you that you have led them into such a grave sin?~”
\p
\v 22 “Don’t be enraged, my lord,” Aaron replied. “You yourself know that the people are intent on evil.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 32:19–22 \ft \+xt Gn 20:9; 26:10; Ex 14:11; Dt 9:16–17,21\+xt*\f*
\v 23 They said to me, ‘Make gods for us who will go before us because this Moses, the man who brought us up from the land of Egypt~#—~#we don’t know what has happened to him!~’
\v 24 So I said to them, ‘Whoever has gold, take it off,’ and they gave it to me. When I threw it into the fire, out came this calf!~”
\p
\v 25 Moses saw that the people were out of control, for Aaron had let them get out of control, making them a laughingstock to their enemies.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 32:25 \ft Hb obscure\f*
\v 26 And Moses stood at the camp’s entrance and said, “Whoever is for the \nd Lord\nd*, come to me.” And all the Levites gathered around him.
\v 27 He told them, “This is what the \nd Lord\nd*, the God of Israel, says, ‘Every man fasten his sword to his side; go back and forth through the camp from entrance to entrance, and each of you kill his brother, his friend, and his neighbor.’~”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 32:27 \ft \+xt Nm 25:5; Dt 33:9\+xt*\f*
\v 28 The Levites did as Moses commanded, and about three thousand men fell dead that day among the people.
\v 29 Afterward Moses said, “Today you have been dedicated~\f + \cat (I)\cat* \fr 32:29 \ft Text emended; MT reads \fqa “Today dedicate yourselves\ft ; LXX, Vg read \fqa “Today you have dedicated yourselves\f* to the \nd Lord\nd*, since each man went against his son and his brother. Therefore you have brought a blessing on yourselves today.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 32:29 \ft \+xt Nm 25:11–13; Zch 13:3\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 30 The following day Moses said to the people, “You have committed a grave sin. Now I will go up to the \nd Lord\nd*; perhaps I will be able to atone for your sin.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 32:30 \ft \+xt 1Sm 12:20; 2Sm 16:12\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 31 So Moses returned to the \nd Lord\nd* and said, “Oh, these people have committed a grave sin; they have made a god of gold for themselves.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 32:31 \ft \+xt Ex 20:23; Dt 9:18\+xt*\f*
\v 32 Now if you would only forgive their sin. But if not, please erase me from the book you have written.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 32:32 \ft \+xt Ps 69:28; Dn 12:1; Rm 9:3; Php 4:3; Rv 3:5; 21:27\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 33 The \nd Lord\nd* replied to Moses, “Whoever has sinned against me I will erase from my book.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 32:33 \ft \+xt Dt 29:20; Ps 9:5\+xt*\f*
\v 34 Now go, lead the people to the place I told you about; see, my angel will go before you. But on the day I settle accounts, I will hold them accountable for their sin.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 32:34 \ft \+xt Dt 32:35; Rm 2:5–6\+xt*\f*
\v 35 And the \nd Lord\nd* inflicted a plague on the people for what they did with the calf Aaron had made.
\c 33
\s1 The Tent Outside the Camp
\m
\v 1 The \nd Lord\nd* spoke to Moses: “Go up from here, you and the people you brought up from the land of Egypt, to the land I promised to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, saying: I will give it to your offspring.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 33:1 \ft \+xt Gn 12:7; Ex 32:7\+xt*\f*
\v 2 I will send an angel ahead of you and will drive out the Canaanites, Amorites, Hethites, Perizzites,~\f + \cat (I)\cat* \fr 33:2 \ft Sam, LXX add \fqa Girgashites\f* Hivites, and Jebusites.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 33:2 \ft \+xt Ex 32:34; Jos 24:11\+xt*\f*
\v 3 Go up to a land flowing with milk and honey. But I will not go up with you because you are a stiff-necked people; otherwise, I might destroy you on the way.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 33:3 \ft \+xt Ex 3:8; 32:9; Nm 16:21,45\+xt*\f*
\v 4 When the people heard this bad news, they mourned and didn’t put on their jewelry.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 33:4 \ft \+xt Nm 14:39; Ezk 24:17,23\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 5 For the \nd Lord\nd* said to Moses, “Tell the Israelites: You are a stiff-necked people. If I went up with you for a single moment, I would destroy you. Now take off your jewelry, and I will decide what to do with you.”
\v 6 So the Israelites remained stripped of their jewelry from Mount Horeb onward.
\p
\v 7 Now Moses took a tent and pitched it outside the camp, at a distance from the camp; he called it the tent of meeting. Anyone who wanted to consult the \nd Lord\nd* would go to the tent of meeting that was outside the camp.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 33:7 \ft \+xt Ex 29:42–43; Dt 4:29\+xt*\f*
\v 8 Whenever Moses went out to the tent, all the people would stand up, each one at the door of his tent, and they would watch Moses until he entered the tent.
\v 9 When Moses entered the tent, the pillar of cloud would come down and remain at the entrance to the tent, and the \nd Lord\nd* would speak with Moses.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 33:9 \ft \+xt Ex 13:21; 31:18; Ps 99:7\+xt*\f*
\v 10 As all the people saw the pillar of cloud remaining at the entrance to the tent, they would stand up, then bow in worship, each one at the door of his tent.
\v 11 The \nd Lord\nd* would speak with Moses face to face, just as a man speaks with his friend, then Moses would return to the camp. His assistant, the young man Joshua son of Nun, would not leave the inside of the tent.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 33:11 \ft \+xt Ex 24:13; Nm 12:8; Dt 34:10\+xt*\f*
\s1 The \nd Lord\nd*’s Glory
\m
\v 12 Moses said to the \nd Lord\nd*, “Look, you have told me, ‘Lead this people up,’ but you have not let me know whom you will send with me. You said, ‘I know you by name,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 33:12 \ft \+xt Ex 32:34; Jn 10:14–15; 2Tm 2:19\+xt*\f* and you have also found favor with me.’
\v 13 Now if I have indeed found favor with you, please teach me your ways,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 33:13 \ft \+xt Ps 25:4; 86:11; 119:33\+xt*\f* and I will know you, so that I may find favor with you. Now consider that this nation is your people.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 33:13 \ft \+xt Ex 34:9; Dt 9:26,29\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 14 And he replied, “My presence will go with you, and I will give you rest.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 33:14 \ft \+xt Jos 21:44; 22:4; Is 63:9\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 15 “If your presence does not go,” Moses responded to him, “don’t make us go up from here.
\v 16 How will it be known that I and your people have found favor with you unless you go with us? I and your people will be distinguished by this from all the other people on the face of the earth.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 33:16 \ft \+xt Ex 34:10; Nm 14:14\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 17 The \nd Lord\nd* answered Moses, “I will do this very thing you have asked, for you have found favor with me, and I know you by name.”
\p
\v 18 Then Moses said, “Please, let me see your glory.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 33:18 \ft \+xt Ex 33:20; 1Tm 6:16\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 19 He said, “I will cause all my goodness to pass in front of you, and I will proclaim the name ‘the \nd Lord\nd*’ before you. I will be gracious to whom I will be gracious, and I will have compassion on whom I will have compassion.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 33:19 \ft \+xt Rm 9:15\+xt*\f*
\v 20 But he added, “You cannot see my face, for humans cannot see~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 33:20 \ft \+xt Gn 32:30; Is 6:5\+xt*\f* me and live.”
\v 21 The \nd Lord\nd* said, “Here is a place near me. You are to stand on the rock,
\v 22 and when my glory passes by, I will put you in the crevice of the rock and cover you with my hand until I have passed by.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 33:22 \ft \+xt Ps 91:1,4; Is 2:21\+xt*\f*
\v 23 Then I will take my hand away, and you will see my back, but my face will not be seen.”
\c 34
\s1 New Stone Tablets
\m
\v 1 The \nd Lord\nd* said to Moses, “Cut two stone tablets like the first ones, and I will write on them the words that were on the first tablets, which you broke.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 34:1 \ft \+xt Ex 32:19; 34:28; Dt 10:2,4\+xt*\f*
\v 2 Be prepared by morning. Come up Mount Sinai in the morning and stand before me on the mountaintop.
\v 3 No one may go up with you; in fact, no one should be seen anywhere on the mountain. Even the flocks and herds are not to graze in front of that mountain.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 34:2–3 \ft \+xt Ex 19:12–13,20–21\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 4 Moses cut two stone tablets like the first ones. He got up early in the morning, and taking the two stone tablets in his hand, he climbed Mount Sinai, just as the \nd Lord\nd* had commanded him.
\p
\v 5 The \nd Lord\nd* came down in a cloud, stood with him there, and proclaimed his name, “the \nd Lord\nd*.”
\v 6 The \nd Lord\nd* passed in front of him and proclaimed:
\pi The \nd Lord\nd*~#—~#the \nd Lord\nd* is a compassionate and gracious God, slow to anger and abounding in faithful love and truth,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 34:6 \ft \+xt Nm 14:18; Neh 9:17; Ps 86:15; 103:8; 108:4; Jl 2:13; Rm 2:4\+xt*\f*
\v 7 maintaining faithful love to a thousand generations, forgiving iniquity, rebellion, and sin.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 34:7 \ft \+xt Ex 20:6; Ps 103:3; 130:4; Dn 9:9; 1Jn 1:9\+xt*\f* But he will not leave the guilty~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 34:7 \ft \+xt Jos 24:19; Jb 10:14; Nah 1:3\+xt*\f* unpunished, bringing the consequences of the fathers’ iniquity on the children and grandchildren to the third and fourth generation.
\b
\p
\v 8 Moses immediately knelt low on the ground and worshiped.
\v 9 Then he said, “My Lord, if I have indeed found favor with you, my Lord, please go with us (even though this is a stiff-necked people), forgive our iniquity and our sin, and accept us as your own possession.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 34:9 \ft \+xt Ex 33:15–16; Ps 33:12; 94:14\+xt*\f*
\s1 Covenant Obligations
\m
\v 10 And the \nd Lord\nd* responded, “Look, I am making a covenant. In the presence of all your people I will perform wonders that have never been done~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 34:10 \ft Lit \fqa created\f* in the whole earth or in any nation. All the people you live among will see the \nd Lord\nd*’s work, for what I am doing with you is awe-inspiring.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 34:10 \ft \+xt Dt 4:32; 5:2; Ps 77:14; 145:6\+xt*\f*
\v 11 Observe what I command you today. I am going to drive out before you the Amorites, Canaanites, Hethites, Perizzites, Hivites,~\f + \cat (I)\cat* \fr 34:11 \ft DSS, Sam, LXX add \fqa Girgashites\f* and Jebusites.
\v 12 Be careful not to make a treaty with the inhabitants of the land that you are going to enter; otherwise, they will become a snare among you.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 34:11–12 \ft \+xt Ex 23:32–33; 33:2\+xt*\f*
\v 13 Instead, you must tear down their altars, smash their sacred pillars, and chop down their Asherah poles.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 34:13 \ft \+xt Ex 23:24; Dt 12:3; 2Kg 18:4; 2Ch 34:3–4\+xt*\f*
\v 14 Because the \nd Lord\nd* is jealous~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 34:14 \ft \+xt Ex 20:3,5; Dt 4:24\+xt*\f* for his reputation, you are never to bow down to another god.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 34:14 \ft Or \fqa the \+nd Lord\+nd* #—~#his name is Jealous \ft or \fqa the \+nd Lord\+nd*, being jealous by nature\f* He is a jealous God.
\p
\v 15 “Do not make a treaty with the inhabitants of the land, or else when they prostitute themselves with their gods and sacrifice to their gods, they will invite you, and you will eat their sacrifices.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 34:15 \ft \+xt Nm 25:2; Jdg 2:17; 1Co 8:4,7,10\+xt*\f*
\v 16 Then you will take some of their daughters as brides for your sons. Their daughters will prostitute themselves with their gods and cause your sons to prostitute themselves with their gods.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 34:16 \ft \+xt Dt 7:3; 1Kg 11:2,4; Ezr 9:2; Neh 13:25\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 17 “Do not make cast images~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 34:17 \ft \+xt Ex 32:8; Lv 19:14\+xt*\f* of gods for yourselves.
\p
\v 18 “Observe the Festival of Unleavened Bread. You are to eat unleavened bread for seven days at the appointed time in the month of Abib,~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 34:18 \ft March–April; called Nisan in the post-exilic period; Neh 2:1; Est 3:7\f* as I commanded you, for you came out of Egypt in the month of Abib.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 34:18 \ft \+xt Ex 12:15; 13:4\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 19 “The firstborn~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 34:19 \ft \+xt Ex 13:2; 22:29\+xt*\f* male from every womb belongs to me, including all your male~\f + \cat (I)\cat* \fr 34:19 \ft LXX, Theod, Vg, Tg read \fqa males\f*\sup ,\sup*\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 34:19 \ft Hb obscure\f* livestock, the firstborn of cattle or sheep.
\v 20 You may redeem the firstborn of a donkey with a sheep, but if you do not redeem it, break its neck.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 34:20 \ft \+xt Ex 13:13,15; 23:15; Dt 16:16\+xt*\f* You must redeem all the firstborn of your sons. No one is to appear before me empty-handed.
\p
\v 21 “You are to labor six days but you must rest~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 34:21 \ft \+xt Ex 20:9; Lk 13:14\+xt*\f* on the seventh day; you must even rest during plowing and harvesting times.
\p
\v 22 “Observe the Festival of Weeks with the firstfruits of the wheat harvest, and the Festival of Ingathering~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 34:22 \ft The \fqa Festival of Ingathering \ft is called Festival of Shelters elsewhere; Lv 23:34–36.\f* at the turn of the agricultural year.
\v 23 Three times a year~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 34:23 \ft \+xt Ex 23:14\+xt*\f* all your males are to appear before the Lord \nd God\nd*, the God of Israel.
\v 24 For I will drive out nations~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 34:24 \ft \+xt Ex 33:2; Ps 78:55\+xt*\f* before you and enlarge your territory.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 34:24 \ft \+xt Dt 12:20; 19:8\+xt*\f* No one will covet your land when you go up three times a year to appear before the \nd Lord\nd* your God.
\p
\v 25 “Do not present~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 34:25 \ft Lit \fqa slaughter\f* the blood for my sacrifice with anything leavened. The sacrifice of the Passover Festival must not remain until morning.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 34:25 \ft \+xt Ex 12:10; 23:18\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 26 “Bring the best firstfruits~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 34:26 \ft \+xt Ex 23:19; Dt 26:2\+xt*\f* of your land to the house of the \nd Lord\nd* your God.
\p “You must not boil a young goat in its mother’s milk.”
\p
\v 27 The \nd Lord\nd* also said to Moses, “Write~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 34:27 \ft \+xt Ex 17:14; 24:4\+xt*\f* down these words, for I have made a covenant with you and with Israel based on these words.”
\p
\v 28 Moses was there with the \nd Lord\nd* forty days and forty nights; he did not eat food or drink water. He wrote the Ten Commandments,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 34:28 \ft \+xt Ex 24:18; 31:18; Dt 4:13; 10:2,4\+xt*\f* the words of the covenant, on the tablets.
\s1 Moses’s Radiant Face
\m
\v 29 As Moses descended from Mount Sinai~#—~#with the two tablets of the testimony in his hands as he descended the mountain~#—~#he did not realize that the skin of his face shone as a result of his speaking with the \nd Lord\nd*.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 34:29 \ft Lit \fqa with him\f*\sup ,\sup*\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 34:29 \ft \+xt Ex 32:15\+xt*\f*
\v 30 When Aaron and all the Israelites saw Moses, the skin of his face shone!~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 34:30 \ft \+xt Ps 34:5; Mt 17:2; 2Co 3:7,13\+xt*\f* They were afraid to come near him.
\v 31 But Moses called out to them, so Aaron and all the leaders of the community returned to him, and Moses spoke to them.
\v 32 Afterward all the Israelites came near, and he commanded them to do everything the \nd Lord\nd* had told him on Mount Sinai.
\v 33 When Moses had finished speaking with them, he put a veil over his face.
\v 34 But whenever Moses went before the \nd Lord\nd* to speak with him, he would remove the veil until he came out. After he came out, he would tell the Israelites what he had been commanded,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 34:34 \ft \+xt Ex 24:3; 2Co 3:13–16\+xt*\f*
\v 35 and the Israelites would see that Moses’s face~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 34:35 \ft Lit \fqa see Moses’s face, that the skin of his face\f* was radiant. Then Moses would put the veil over his face again until he went to speak with the \nd Lord\nd*.
\c 35
\s1 The Sabbath Command
\m
\v 1 Moses assembled the entire Israelite community and said to them, “These are the things that the \nd Lord\nd* has commanded you to do:~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 35:1 \ft \+xt Ex 34:32\+xt*\f*
\v 2 For six days work is to be done, but on the seventh day you are to have a holy day, a Sabbath~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 35:2 \ft \+xt Ex 20:9; Lv 23:3\+xt*\f* of complete rest to the \nd Lord\nd*. Anyone who does work on it must be executed.
\v 3 Do not light a fire in any of your homes on the Sabbath day.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 35:3 \ft \+xt Ex 16:23\+xt*\f*
\s1 Building the Tabernacle
\m
\v 4 Then Moses said to the entire Israelite community, “This is what the \nd Lord\nd* has commanded:
\v 5 Take~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 35:5–9 \ft \+xt Ex 25:2–7\+xt*\f* up an offering among you for the \nd Lord\nd*. Let everyone whose heart is willing bring this as the \nd Lord\nd*’s offering: gold, silver, and bronze;
\v 6 blue, purple, and scarlet yarn; fine linen and goat hair;
\v 7 ram skins dyed red and fine leather;~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 35:7 \ft Hb obscure\f* acacia wood;
\v 8 oil for the light; spices for the anointing oil and for the fragrant incense;
\v 9 and onyx with gemstones to mount on the ephod and breastpiece.
\p
\v 10 “Let all the skilled artisans~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 35:10 \ft Lit \fqa the wise of heart\f* among you come and make everything that the \nd Lord\nd* has commanded:~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 35:10 \ft \+xt Ex 31:6\+xt*\f*
\v 11 the tabernacle~#—~#its tent and covering, its clasps and supports, its crossbars, its pillars and bases;
\v 12 the ark with its poles, the mercy seat, and the curtain for the screen;
\v 13 the table with its poles, all its utensils, and the Bread of the Presence;
\v 14 the lampstand for light with its utensils and lamps as well as the oil for the light;
\v 15 the altar of incense with its poles; the anointing oil and the fragrant incense; the entryway screen for the entrance to the tabernacle;
\v 16 the altar of burnt offering with its bronze grate, its poles, and all its utensils; the basin with its stand;
\v 17 the hangings of the courtyard, its posts and bases, and the screen for the gate of the courtyard;
\v 18 the tent pegs for the tabernacle and the tent pegs for the courtyard, along with their ropes;
\v 19 and the specially woven~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 35:19 \ft Hb obscure\f* garments for ministering in the sanctuary~#—~#the holy garments for the priest Aaron and the garments for his sons to serve as priests.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 35:11–19 \ft \+xt Ex 24:5–6; 25:10,23,30–31; 26:1–2; 27:1,9; 30:1,25,34; 31:10; 39:1,41; Lv 24:5–6; Nm 4:5\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 20 Then the entire Israelite community left Moses’s presence.
\v 21 Everyone whose heart was moved and whose spirit prompted him came and brought an offering to the \nd Lord\nd* for the work on the tent of meeting, for all its services, and for the holy garments.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 35:21 \ft \+xt Ex 36:2\+xt*\f*
\v 22 Both men and women came; all who had willing hearts brought brooches, earrings, rings, necklaces, and all kinds of gold jewelry~#—~#everyone who presented a presentation offering of gold to the \nd Lord\nd*.
\v 23 Everyone who possessed blue, purple, or scarlet yarn,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 35:23 \ft \+xt 1Ch 29:8\+xt*\f* fine linen or goat hair, ram skins dyed red or fine leather,~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 35:23 \ft Hb obscure\f* brought them.
\v 24 Everyone making an offering of silver or bronze brought it as a contribution to the \nd Lord\nd*. Everyone who possessed acacia wood useful for any task in the work brought it.
\v 25 Every skilled~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 35:25 \ft Lit \fqa wise of heart\f* woman~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 35:25 \ft \+xt Ex 28:3\+xt*\f* spun yarn with her hands and brought it: blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and fine linen.
\v 26 And all the women whose hearts were moved spun the goat hair by virtue of their skill.
\v 27 The leaders~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 35:27 \ft \+xt 1Ch 29:6; Ezr 2:68\+xt*\f* brought onyx and gemstones to mount on the ephod and breastpiece,
\v 28 as well as the spice~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 35:28 \ft \+xt Ex 30:23\+xt*\f* and oil for the light, for the anointing oil, and for the fragrant incense.
\v 29 So the Israelites brought a freewill offering to the \nd Lord\nd*, all the men and women whose hearts prompted them to bring something for all the work that the \nd Lord\nd*, through Moses, had commanded to be done.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 35:29 \ft \+xt Ex 35:21; 36:3; 1Ch 29:9\+xt*\f*
\s1 Bezalel and Oholiab
\m
\v 30 Moses~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 35:30–34 \ft \+xt Ex 31:1–6; 2Ch 2:14\+xt*\f* then said to the Israelites, “Look, the \nd Lord\nd* has appointed by name Bezalel son of Uri, son of Hur, of the tribe of Judah.
\v 31 He has filled him with God’s Spirit, with wisdom, understanding, and ability in every kind of craft
\v 32 to design artistic works in gold, silver, and bronze,
\v 33 to cut gemstones for mounting, and to carve wood for work in every kind of artistic craft.
\v 34 He has also given~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 35:34 \ft Lit \fqa also put in his heart\f* both him and Oholiab son of Ahisamach, of the tribe of Dan, the ability to teach others.
\v 35 He has filled them with skill~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 35:35 \ft Lit \fqa with wisdom of heart\f* to do all the work~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 35:35 \ft \+xt Ex 31:3,6; 1Kg 7:14\+xt*\f* of a gem cutter; a designer; an embroiderer~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 35:35 \ft Or \fqa weaver\f* in blue, purple, and scarlet yarn and fine linen; and a weaver. They can do every kind of craft and design artistic designs.
\c 36
\nb
\v 1 Bezalel, Oholiab, and all the skilled~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 36:1 \ft Lit \fqa wise of heart\ft , also in v.~2\f* people are to work based on everything the \nd Lord\nd* has commanded. The \nd Lord\nd* has given them wisdom and understanding to know how to do all the work of constructing the sanctuary.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 36:1 \ft \+xt Ex 25:8; 28:3; 31:6; 35:10,35\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 2 So Moses summoned Bezalel, Oholiab, and every skilled person in whose heart the \nd Lord\nd* had placed wisdom, all whose hearts moved them,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 36:2 \ft \+xt Ex 25:2; 35:21,26; 1Ch 29:5\+xt*\f* to come to the work and do it.
\v 3 They took from Moses’s presence all the contributions that the Israelites had brought for the task of making the sanctuary. Meanwhile, the people continued to bring freewill offerings morning after morning.
\p
\v 4 Then all the artisans who were doing all the work for the sanctuary came one by one from the work they were doing
\v 5 and said to Moses, “The people are bringing more than is needed~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 36:5 \ft \+xt 2Ch 31:10; 2Co 8:2–3\+xt*\f* for the construction of the work the \nd Lord\nd* commanded to be done.”
\p
\v 6 After Moses gave an order, they sent a proclamation throughout the camp: “Let no man or woman make anything else as an offering for the sanctuary.” So the people stopped.
\v 7 The materials were sufficient for them to do all the work. There was more than enough.
\s1 Building the Tabernacle
\m
\v 8 All~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 36:8–19 \ft \+xt Ex 26:1–14\+xt*\f* the skilled artisans~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 36:8 \ft Lit \fqa the wise of heart\f* among those doing the work made the tabernacle with ten curtains. Bezalel made them of finely spun linen, as well as blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, with a design of cherubim worked into them.
\v 9 Each curtain was forty-two feet~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 36:9 \ft Lit \fqa 28 cubits\f* long and six feet~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 36:9 \ft Lit \fqa four cubits\ft , also in v.~15\f* wide; all the curtains had the same measurements.
\v 10 He joined five of the curtains to each other, and the other five curtains he joined to each other.
\v 11 He made loops of blue yarn on the edge of the last curtain in the first set and did the same on the edge of the outermost curtain in the second set.
\v 12 He made fifty loops on the one curtain and fifty loops on the edge of the curtain in the second set, so that the loops lined up with each other.
\v 13 He also made fifty gold clasps and joined the curtains to each other, so that the tabernacle became a single unit.
\p
\v 14 He made curtains of goat hair for a tent over the tabernacle; he made eleven of them.
\v 15 Each curtain was forty-five feet~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 36:15 \ft Lit \fqa 30 cubits\f* long and six feet wide. All eleven curtains had the same measurements.
\v 16 He joined five of the curtains together, and the other six together.
\v 17 He made fifty loops on the edge of the outermost curtain in the first set and fifty loops on the edge of the corresponding curtain in the second set.
\v 18 He made fifty bronze clasps to join the tent together as a single unit.
\v 19 He also made a covering for the tent from ram skins dyed red and a covering of fine leather~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 36:19 \ft Hb obscure\f* on top of it.
\p
\v 20 He~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 36:20–34 \ft \+xt Ex 25:5; 26:15–29\+xt*\f* made upright supports~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 36:20 \ft Or \fqa made frames\f* of acacia wood for the tabernacle.
\v 21 Each support was fifteen feet~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 36:21 \ft Lit \fqa 10 cubits\f* long and twenty-seven inches~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 36:21 \ft Lit \fqa a cubit and a half\f* wide.
\v 22 Each support had two tenons for joining one to another. He did the same for all the supports of the tabernacle.
\v 23 He made supports for the tabernacle as follows: He made twenty for the south side,
\v 24 and he made forty silver bases to put under the twenty supports, two bases under the first support for its two tenons, and two bases under each of the following supports for their two tenons.
\v 25 For the second side of the tabernacle, the north side, he made twenty supports,
\v 26 with their forty silver bases, two bases under the first support and two bases under each of the following ones.
\v 27 And for the back of the tabernacle, on the west side, he made six supports.
\v 28 He also made two additional supports for the two back corners of the tabernacle.
\v 29 They were paired at the bottom and joined together~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 36:29 \ft Lit \fqa and together they are to be complete\f* at the~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 36:29 \ft Lit \fqa its\f* top in a single ring. This is what he did with both of them for the two corners.
\v 30 So there were eight supports with their sixteen silver bases, two bases under each one.
\p
\v 31 He made five crossbars of acacia wood for the supports on one side of the tabernacle,
\v 32 five crossbars for the supports on the other side of the tabernacle, and five crossbars for those at the back of the tabernacle on the west.
\v 33 He made the central crossbar run through the middle of the supports from one end to the other.
\v 34 He overlaid them with gold and made their rings out of gold as holders for the crossbars. He also overlaid the crossbars with gold.
\p
\v 35 Then~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 36:35–38 \ft \+xt Ex 26:31–37\+xt*\f* he made the curtain with blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and finely spun linen. He made it with a design of cherubim worked into it.
\v 36 He made four pillars of acacia wood for it and overlaid them with gold; their hooks were of gold. And he cast four silver bases for the pillars.
\p
\v 37 He made a screen embroidered~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 36:37 \ft Or \fqa woven\f* with blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and finely spun linen for the entrance to the tent,
\v 38 together with its five pillars and their hooks. He overlaid the tops of the pillars and their bands with gold, but their five bases were bronze.
\c 37
\s1 Making the Ark
\m
\v 1 Bezalel~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 37:1–9 \ft \+xt Ex 25:10–20\+xt*\f* made the ark of acacia wood, forty-five inches long, twenty-seven inches wide, and twenty-seven inches high.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 37:1 \ft Lit \fqa two and a half cubits its length, one and a half cubits its width, and one and a half cubits its height\f*
\v 2 He overlaid it with pure gold inside and out and made a gold molding all around it.
\v 3 He cast four gold rings for it, for its four feet, two rings on one side and two rings on the other side.
\v 4 He made poles of acacia wood and overlaid them with gold.
\v 5 He inserted the poles into the rings on the sides of the ark for carrying the ark.
\p
\v 6 He made a mercy seat of pure gold, forty-five inches long and twenty-seven inches wide.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 37:6 \ft Lit \fqa two and a half cubits its length and one and a half cubits its width\f*
\v 7 He made two cherubim of gold; he made them of hammered work at the two ends of the mercy seat,
\v 8 one cherub at one end and one cherub at the other end. At each end, he made a cherub of one piece with the mercy seat.
\v 9 They had wings spread out. They faced each other and covered the mercy seat with their wings. The faces of the cherubim were looking toward the mercy seat.
\s1 Making the Table
\m
\v 10 He~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 37:10–16 \ft \+xt Ex 25:23–29\+xt*\f* constructed the table of acacia wood, thirty-six inches long, eighteen inches wide, and twenty-seven inches high.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 37:10 \ft Lit \fqa two cubits its length, one cubit its width, and one and a half cubits its height\f*
\v 11 He overlaid it with pure gold and made a gold molding all around it.
\v 12 He made a three-inch~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 37:12 \ft Lit \fqa a handbreadth\f* frame all around it and made a gold molding all around its frame.
\v 13 He cast four gold rings for it and attached the rings to the four corners at its four legs.
\v 14 The rings were next to the frame as holders for the poles to carry the table.
\v 15 He made the poles for carrying the table from acacia wood and overlaid them with gold.
\v 16 He also made the utensils that would be on the table out of pure gold: its plates and cups, as well as its bowls and pitchers for pouring drink offerings.
\s1 Making the Lampstand
\m
\v 17 Then~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 37:17–24 \ft \+xt Ex 25:31–39\+xt*\f* he made the lampstand out of pure hammered gold. He made it all of one piece: its base and shaft, its ornamental cups, and its buds and petals.
\v 18 Six branches extended from its sides, three branches of the lampstand from one side and three branches of the lampstand from the other side.
\v 19 There were three cups shaped like almond blossoms, each with a bud and petals, on one branch, and three cups shaped like almond blossoms, each with a bud and petals, on the next branch. It was this way for the six branches that extended from the lampstand.
\v 20 There were four cups shaped like almond blossoms on the lampstand shaft along with its buds and petals.
\v 21 For the six branches that extended from it, a bud was under the first pair of branches from it, a bud under the second pair of branches from it, and a bud under the third pair of branches from it.
\v 22 Their buds and branches were of one piece with it. All of it was a single hammered piece of pure gold.
\v 23 He also made its seven lamps, snuffers, and firepans of pure gold.
\v 24 He made it and all its utensils of seventy-five pounds~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 37:24 \ft Lit \fqa a talent\f* of pure gold.
\s1 Making the Altar of Incense
\m
\v 25 He~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 37:25–28 \ft \+xt Ex 30:1–5\+xt*\f* made the altar of incense out of acacia wood. It was square, eighteen inches long and eighteen inches wide; it was thirty-six inches high.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 37:25 \ft Lit \fqa a cubit its length, a cubit its width, and two cubits its height\f* Its horns were of one piece with it.
\v 26 He overlaid it, its top, all around its sides, and its horns with pure gold. Then he made a gold molding all around it.
\v 27 He made two gold rings for it under the molding on two of its sides; he put these on opposite sides of it to be holders for the poles to carry it with.
\v 28 He made the poles of acacia wood and overlaid them with gold.
\p
\v 29 He also made the holy anointing oil and the pure, fragrant, and expertly blended incense.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 37:29 \ft \+xt Ex 30:23–24,34–35\+xt*\f*
\c 38
\s1 Making the Altar of Burnt Offering
\m
\v 1 Bezalel~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 38:1–7 \ft \+xt Ex 27:1–8\+xt*\f* constructed the altar of burnt offering from acacia wood. It was square, 7~1/2 feet long and 7~1/2 feet wide,~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 38:1 \ft Lit \fqa five cubits its length and five cubits its width\f* and was 4~1/2 feet~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 38:1 \ft Lit \fqa three cubits\f* high.
\v 2 He made horns for it on its four corners; the horns were of one piece with it. Then he overlaid it with bronze.
\p
\v 3 He made all the altar’s utensils: the pots, shovels, basins, meat forks, and firepans; he made all its utensils of bronze.
\v 4 He constructed for the altar a grate of bronze mesh under its ledge,~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 38:4 \ft Or \fqa rim\f* halfway up from the bottom.
\v 5 He cast four rings at the four corners of the bronze grate as holders for the poles.
\v 6 He made the poles of acacia wood and overlaid them with bronze.
\v 7 Then he inserted the poles into the rings on the sides of the altar in order to carry it with them. He constructed the altar with boards so that it was hollow.
\s1 Making the Bronze Basin
\m
\v 8 He made the bronze basin and its stand from the bronze mirrors of the women who served at the entrance to the tent of meeting.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 38:8 \ft \+xt Ex 30:18; 1Sm 2:22\+xt*\f*
\s1 Making the Courtyard
\m
\v 9 Then~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 38:9–20 \ft \+xt Ex 27:9–19\+xt*\f* he made the courtyard. The hangings on the south side of the courtyard were of finely spun linen, 150 feet~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 38:9 \ft Lit \fqa 100 cubits\ft , also in v.~11\f* long,
\v 10 including their twenty posts and their twenty bronze bases, with silver hooks and silver bands~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 38:10 \ft Or \fqa connecting rods\ft , also in vv.~11,17,19,28\f* for the posts.
\v 11 The hangings on the north side were also 150 feet long, including their twenty posts and twenty bronze bases. The hooks and bands of the posts were silver.
\v 12 The hangings on the west side were 75 feet~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 38:12 \ft Lit \fqa 50 cubits\ft , also in v.~13\f* long, including their ten posts and their ten bases, with silver hooks and silver bands for the posts.
\v 13 And for the east side toward the sunrise, 75 feet long,
\v 14 the hangings on one side of the gate were 22~1/2 feet,~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 38:14 \ft Lit \fqa 15 cubits\ft , also in v.~15\f* including their three posts and their three bases.
\v 15 It was the same for the other side of the courtyard gate. The hangings were 22~1/2 feet, including their three posts and their three bases.
\v 16 All the hangings around the courtyard were of finely spun linen.
\v 17 The bases for the posts were bronze; the hooks and bands of the posts were silver; and the plating for the tops of the posts was silver. All the posts of the courtyard were banded with silver.
\p
\v 18 The screen for the gate of the courtyard was made of finely spun linen, expertly embroidered~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 38:18 \ft Or \fqa woven\f* with blue, purple, and scarlet yarn. It was 30 feet~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 38:18 \ft Lit \fqa 20 cubits\f* long, and like the hangings of the courtyard, 7~1/2 feet~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 38:18 \ft Lit \fqa five cubits\f* high.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 38:18 \ft Lit \fqa high in width\f*
\v 19 It had four posts with their four bronze bases. Their hooks were silver, and their top plating and their bands were silver.
\v 20 All the tent pegs for the tabernacle and for the surrounding courtyard were bronze.
\s1 Inventory of Materials
\m
\v 21 This is the inventory for the tabernacle, the tabernacle of the testimony,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 38:21 \ft \+xt Nm 1:50,53; 9:15; 10:11; 17:7–8; 2Ch 24:6; Ac 7:44\+xt*\f* that was recorded at Moses’s command. It was the work of the Levites under the direction of~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 38:21 \ft Lit \fqa Levites by the hand of\f* Ithamar son of Aaron the priest.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 38:21 \ft \+xt Nm 4:28,33\+xt*\f*
\v 22 Bezalel son of Uri, son of Hur, of the tribe of Judah, made everything that the \nd Lord\nd* commanded Moses.
\v 23 With him was Oholiab son of Ahisamach, of the tribe of Dan, a gem cutter, a designer, and an embroiderer with blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and fine linen.
\p
\v 24 All the gold of the presentation offering that was used for the project in all the work on the sanctuary, was 2,193 pounds,~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 38:24 \ft Lit \fqa 29 talents and 730 shekels\f* according to the sanctuary shekel.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 38:24 \ft \+xt Ex 30:13; Lv 27:25; Nm 3:47; 18:16\+xt*\f*
\v 25 The silver from those of the community who were registered was 7,544 pounds,~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 38:25 \ft Lit \fqa 100 talents and 1,775 shekels\f* according to the sanctuary shekel~#—~#
\v 26 one-fifth of an ounce~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 38:26 \ft Lit \fqa a beka\f* per man, that is, half a shekel according to the sanctuary shekel, from everyone twenty years old or more who had crossed over to the registered group, 603,550 men.
\v 27 There were 7,500 pounds~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 38:27 \ft Lit \fqa 100 talents\f* of silver used to cast the bases of the sanctuary and the bases of the curtain~#—~#one hundred bases from 7,500 pounds, 75 pounds~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 38:27 \ft Lit \fqa one talent\f* for each base.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 38:26–27 \ft \+xt Ex 26:19,21,25,32; 30:13; Nm 1:46\+xt*\f*
\v 28 With the remaining 44 pounds~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 38:28 \ft Lit \fqa 1,775 \ft (shekels)\f* he made the hooks for the posts, overlaid their tops, and supplied bands for them.
\p
\v 29 The bronze of the presentation offering totaled 5,310 pounds.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 38:29 \ft Lit \fqa 70 talents and 2,400 shekels\f*
\v 30 He made with it the bases for the entrance to the tent of meeting, the bronze altar and its bronze grate, all the utensils for the altar,
\v 31 the bases for the surrounding courtyard, the bases for the gate of the courtyard, all the tent pegs for the tabernacle, and all the tent pegs for the surrounding courtyard.
\c 39
\s1 Making the Priestly Garments
\m
\v 1 They made specially woven~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 39:1 \ft Hb obscure\f* garments for ministry in the sanctuary, and the holy garments for Aaron from the blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, just as the \nd Lord\nd* had commanded Moses.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 39:1 \ft \+xt Ex 28:2,4; 31:10; 35:19,23; 39:41\+xt*\f*
\s1 Making the Ephod
\m
\v 2 Bezalel~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 39:2–7 \ft \+xt Ex 28:6–12\+xt*\f* made the ephod of gold, of blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and of finely spun linen.
\v 3 They hammered out thin sheets of gold, and he~\f + \cat (I)\cat* \fr 39:3 \ft Sam, Syr, Tg read \fqa they\f* cut threads from them to interweave with the blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and the fine linen in a skillful design.
\v 4 They made shoulder pieces for attaching it; it was joined together at its two edges.
\v 5 The artistically woven waistband that was on the ephod was of one piece with the ephod, according to the same workmanship of gold, of blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and of finely spun linen, just as the \nd Lord\nd* had commanded Moses.
\p
\v 6 Then they mounted the onyx stones surrounded with gold filigree settings, engraved with the names of Israel’s sons as a gem cutter engraves a seal.
\v 7 He fastened them on the shoulder pieces of the ephod as memorial stones for the Israelites, just as the \nd Lord\nd* had commanded Moses.
\s1 Making the Breastpiece
\m
\v 8 He~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 39:8–21 \ft \+xt Ex 28:15–28\+xt*\f* also made the embroidered~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 39:8 \ft Or \fqa woven\f* breastpiece with the same workmanship as the ephod of gold, of blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and of finely spun linen.
\v 9 They made the breastpiece square and folded double, nine inches long and nine inches wide.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 39:9 \ft Lit \fqa a span its length and a span its width\f*
\v 10 They mounted four rows of gemstones~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 39:10 \ft Many of these stones cannot be identified with certainty.\f* on it.
\li The first row was
\li a row of carnelian, topaz, and emerald;~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 39:10 \ft Or \fqa beryl\f*
\li
\v 11 the second row,
\li a turquoise,~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 39:11 \ft Or \fqa malachite\ft , or \fqa garnet\f* a lapis lazuli, and a diamond;~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 39:11 \ft Hb uncertain; LXX, Vg read \fqa jasper\f*
\li
\v 12 the third row,
\li a jacinth,~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 39:12 \ft Hb obscure\f* an agate, and an amethyst;
\li
\v 13 and the fourth row,
\li a beryl, an onyx, and a jasper.
\m They were surrounded with gold filigree in their settings.
\p
\v 14 The twelve stones corresponded to the names of Israel’s sons. Each stone was engraved like a seal with one of the names of the twelve tribes.
\p
\v 15 They made braided chains of pure gold cord for the breastpiece.
\v 16 They also fashioned two gold filigree settings and two gold rings and attached the two rings to its two corners.
\v 17 Then they attached the two gold cords to the two gold rings on the corners of the breastpiece.
\v 18 They attached the other ends of the two cords to the two filigree settings, and in this way they attached them to the ephod’s shoulder pieces in front.
\v 19 They made two other gold rings and put them at the two other corners of the breastpiece on the edge that is next to the inner border of the ephod.
\v 20 They made two more gold rings and attached them to the bottom of the ephod’s two shoulder pieces on its front, close to its seam,~\f + \cat (III)\cat* \fr 39:20 \ft The place where the \fqa shoulder pieces \ft join the front of the ephod\f* above the ephod’s woven waistband.
\v 21 Then they tied the breastpiece from its rings to the rings of the ephod with a cord of blue yarn, so that the breastpiece was above the ephod’s waistband and did not come loose from the ephod. They did just as the \nd Lord\nd* had commanded Moses.
\s1 Making the Robe
\m
\v 22 They~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 39:22–26 \ft \+xt Ex 28:31–34\+xt*\f* made the woven robe of the ephod entirely of blue yarn.
\v 23 There was an opening in the center of the robe like that of body armor~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 39:23 \ft Hb obscure\f* with a collar around the opening so that it would not tear.
\v 24 They made pomegranates of finely spun blue, purple, and scarlet yarn~\f + \cat (I)\cat* \fr 39:24 \ft Sam, LXX, Vg add \fqa and linen\f* on the lower hem of the robe.
\v 25 They made bells of pure gold and attached the bells between the pomegranates, all around the hem of the robe between the pomegranates,
\v 26 a bell and a pomegranate alternating all around the lower hem of the robe~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 39:26 \ft Lit \fqa bell and pomegranate, bell and pomegranate, on the hem of the robe around\f* to be worn for ministry. They made it just as the \nd Lord\nd* had commanded Moses.
\s1 The Other Priestly Garments
\m
\v 27 They made the tunics of fine woven linen for Aaron and his sons.
\v 28 They made the turban and the ornate headbands~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 39:28 \ft Lit \fqa and the headdresses of headbands\f* of fine linen, the linen undergarments of finely spun linen,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 39:28 \ft \+xt Ex 28:39,42; Ezk 44:18\+xt*\f*
\v 29 and the sash of finely spun linen expertly embroidered with blue, purple, and scarlet yarn. They did just as the \nd Lord\nd* had commanded Moses.
\s1 Making the Holy Diadem
\m
\v 30 They made a medallion, the holy diadem, out of pure gold and wrote on it an inscription like the engraving on a seal:~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 39:30 \ft \+xt Ex 28:36–37; 29:6\+xt*\f* \nd Holy to the Lord\nd*.
\v 31 They attached a cord of blue yarn to it in order to mount it on the turban, just as the \nd Lord\nd* had commanded Moses.
\s1 Moses’s Inspection of the Tabernacle
\m
\v 32 So all the work for the tabernacle, the tent of meeting, was finished. The Israelites did everything just as the \nd Lord\nd* had commanded Moses.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 39:32 \ft \+xt Ex 25:40; 39:42–43\+xt*\f*
\v 33 They brought the tabernacle to Moses: the tent with all its furnishings, its clasps, its supports, its crossbars, and its pillars and bases;
\v 34 the covering of ram skins dyed red and the covering of fine leather;~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 39:34 \ft Hb obscure\f* the curtain for the screen;
\v 35 the ark of the testimony with its poles and the mercy seat;
\v 36 the table, all its utensils, and the Bread of the Presence;
\v 37 the pure gold lampstand, with its lamps arranged and all its utensils, as well as the oil for the light;
\v 38 the gold altar; the anointing oil; the fragrant incense; the screen for the entrance to the tent;
\v 39 the bronze altar with its bronze grate, its poles, and all its utensils; the basin with its stand;
\v 40 the hangings of the courtyard, its posts and bases, the screen for the gate of the courtyard, its ropes and tent pegs, and all the furnishings for the service of the tabernacle, the tent of meeting;
\v 41 and the specially woven~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 39:41 \ft Hb obscure\f* garments for ministering in the sanctuary, the holy garments for the priest Aaron and the garments for his sons to serve as priests.
\v 42 The Israelites had done all the work according to everything the \nd Lord\nd* had commanded Moses.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 39:33–42 \ft \+xt Ex 25:31; 27:9–15; 30:3; 35:10\+xt*\f*
\v 43 Moses inspected all the work they had accomplished. They had done just as the \nd Lord\nd* commanded. Then Moses blessed them.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 39:43 \ft \+xt Lv 9:22–23; Nm 6:23–27; Jos 22:6; 2Sm 6:18; 1Kg 8:14; 2Ch 30:27\+xt*\f*
\c 40
\s1 Setting Up the Tabernacle
\m
\v 1 The \nd Lord\nd* spoke to Moses:
\v 2 “You are to set up the tabernacle, the tent of meeting, on the first day of the first month.~\f + \cat (II)\cat* \fr 40:2 \ft Lit \fqa on the day of the first month, on the first of the month\f*\sup ,\sup*\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 40:2 \ft \+xt Ex 12:12; 13:4; 26:30\+xt*\f*
\v 3 Put the ark~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 40:3 \ft \+xt Ex 26:33; 40:21; Nm 4:5\+xt*\f* of the testimony there and screen off the ark with the curtain.
\v 4 Then bring in the table and lay out its arrangement; also bring in the lampstand and set up its lamps.
\v 5 Place the gold altar for incense in front of the ark of the testimony. Put up the screen for the entrance to the tabernacle.
\v 6 Position the altar of burnt offering in front of the entrance to the tabernacle, the tent of meeting.
\v 7 Place the basin~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 40:7 \ft \+xt Ex 30:18; 40:30\+xt*\f* between the tent of meeting and the altar, and put water in it.
\v 8 Assemble the surrounding courtyard and hang the screen for the gate of the courtyard.
\p
\v 9 “Take the anointing oil and anoint~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 40:9 \ft \+xt Ex 30:26; Lv 8:10\+xt*\f* the tabernacle and everything in it; consecrate it along with all its furnishings so that it will be holy.
\v 10 Anoint the altar of burnt offering and all its utensils; consecrate the altar so that it will be especially holy.
\v 11 Anoint the basin and its stand and consecrate it.
\p
\v 12 “Then bring Aaron and his sons to the entrance to the tent of meeting and wash them with water.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 40:12 \ft \+xt Lv 8:1–3\+xt*\f*
\v 13 Clothe Aaron with the holy garments,~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 40:13 \ft \+xt Ex 28:41\+xt*\f* anoint him, and consecrate him, so that he can serve me as a priest.
\v 14 Have his sons come forward and clothe them in tunics.
\v 15 Anoint them just as you anointed their father, so that they may also serve me as priests. Their anointing will serve to inaugurate a permanent priesthood for them throughout their generations.”~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 40:15 \ft \+xt Ex 29:9; Nm 25:13\+xt*\f*
\p
\v 16 Moses did everything just as the \nd Lord\nd* had commanded him.
\v 17 The tabernacle was set up in the first month of the second year, on the first day of the month.~\f + \cat (I)\cat* \fr 40:17 \ft DSS, Sam, LXX add \fqa of their coming out of Egypt\f*\sup ,\sup*\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 40:17 \ft \+xt Ex 40:2; Nm 7:1\+xt*\f*
\v 18 Moses set up the tabernacle: He laid its bases, positioned its supports, inserted its crossbars, and set up its pillars.
\v 19 Then he spread the tent over the tabernacle and put the covering of the tent on top of it, just as the \nd Lord\nd* had commanded Moses.
\p
\v 20 Moses took the testimony~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 40:20 \ft \+xt Ex 16:34; 25:16\+xt*\f* and placed it in the ark, and attached the poles to the ark. He set the mercy seat on top of the ark.
\v 21 He brought the ark into the tabernacle, put up the curtain for the screen, and screened off the ark of the testimony, just as the \nd Lord\nd* had commanded him.
\p
\v 22 Moses placed the table in the tent of meeting on the north side of the tabernacle, outside the curtain.
\v 23 He arranged the bread on it before the \nd Lord\nd*, just as the \nd Lord\nd* had commanded him.
\v 24 He put the lampstand in the tent of meeting opposite the table on the south side of the tabernacle
\v 25 and set up the lamps before the \nd Lord\nd*, just as the \nd Lord\nd* had commanded him.
\p
\v 26 Moses installed the gold altar in the tent of meeting, in front of the curtain,
\v 27 and burned fragrant incense on it, just as the \nd Lord\nd* had commanded him.
\v 28 He put up the screen at the entrance to the tabernacle.
\v 29 He placed the altar of burnt offering at the entrance to the tabernacle, the tent of meeting, and offered the burnt offering and the grain offering on it, just as the \nd Lord\nd* had commanded him.
\p
\v 30 He set the basin between the tent of meeting and the altar and put water in it for washing.
\v 31 Moses, Aaron, and his sons washed their hands and feet from it.
\v 32 They washed whenever they came to the tent of meeting and approached the altar, just as the \nd Lord\nd* had commanded Moses.
\p
\v 33 Next Moses set up the surrounding courtyard for the tabernacle and the altar and hung a screen for the gate of the courtyard. So Moses finished the work.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 40:21–33 \ft \+xt Ex 25:37; 26:33,35–36; 27:9,16; 29:38; 30:5–7,19–20; 40:1–7\+xt*\f*
\s1 The \nd Lord\nd*’s Glory
\m
\v 34 The cloud covered the tent of meeting, and the glory of the \nd Lord\nd* filled the tabernacle.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 40:34 \ft \+xt Lv 16:2; Nm 9:15; 1Kg 8:10–11; 2Ch 5:13–14; 7:2; Is 6:4; Hg 2:7,9; Rv 15:8\+xt*\f*
\v 35 Moses was unable to enter the tent of meeting because the cloud rested on it, and the glory of the \nd Lord\nd* filled the tabernacle.
\p
\v 36 The Israelites set out whenever the cloud was taken up from the tabernacle throughout all the stages of their journey.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 40:36 \ft \+xt Nm 9:17; Neh 9:19\+xt*\f*
\v 37 If the cloud was not taken up, they did not set out until the day it was taken up.~\f + \cat (IV)\cat* \fr 40:37 \ft \+xt Nm 9:19–22\+xt*\f*
\v 38 For the cloud of the \nd Lord\nd* was over the tabernacle by day, and there was a fire inside the cloud by night, visible to the entire house of Israel throughout all the stages of their journey.
\p
